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THE STATE HOUSE 




BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 



ELLEN MUDGE BURRILL 

r. 



'Boston Stale House is the Huh of the Solar System " 
— Oliver Wendell Holmes 



[Third Edition] 



PKINTED UNDER THE DIRECTION 
OF THE SERGEANT-AT-ARMS BY 
ORDER OF THE GENERAL COURT 



BOSTON: WRIGHT AND POTTER PRINTING COMPANY 
STATE PRINTERS : 18 POST OFFICE SQUARE : 1907 



THE STATE HOUSE 






The Bul° 
finch 
State 
House 



The Bulfinch State House 
"Far the most beautiful city in America, as far 
as I have seen, is Boston, and the State House is 
the most beautiful building- in the country. At 
Washington, at Albany, at Chicago, and elsewhere, 
you see much grander and more costly structures ; 
but this is in perfect taste and proportion : every 
intersj)ace the right size, every moulding right, 
every decoration refined — a sort of Adams .archi- 
tecture of noblest type . . . The situation is noble, 
and has been made the best of." 



From "Life and Correspondence of John Duke Lord 
Coleridge, Lord Chief Justice of England." Extract from a 
letter to Sir M. E. Grant Dufif, dated New York, October 26, 1883. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



INTRODUCTION 



THE State House Guide Book was originally 
written at the request of the late Captain 
John G. B. Adams, Sergeant-at-Arms, who 
approved it only a few days before his death. The 
first edition was printed by order of the General 
Court in 1901, the second in 1905 and the present 
edition, the third, is now published under authority 
of chapter 11, Kesolves of 1907. If any inac- 
curacies are discovered, the author will be very 
grateful if they may be pointed out. 

The book is arranged in four parts. In the 
first it has been the endeavor to mention briefly 
the principal alterations in the State House since its 
erection in 1795. The second guides the visitor to 
the places of interest in and about the building. 
The third j^art is confined to the political and mili- 
tary record of those in whose honor a Ijust, oil 
painting or statue has been placed in the capitol. 
The fourth contains a list of the dej)artments. 

I am very happy to take this opportunity of ex- 
tending my thanks to Mr. David T. Remington, 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Intro- 
duction 



Sergeant-at-Arms, under whose direction the third 
edition has been completed, to Mr. C. B. Tillinghast, 
State Librarian, and the many others who have so 
cheerfully and generously aided me in my research. 



ELLEN MUDGE BURRILL. 

Lynn, Mass., March 20, 1907. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



THE STATE HOUSE 

The hill upon which the State House stands 
was originally called Treamount, owing to the 
"three little rising hills on the top of a high 
mountain on the north west side of the town.-' 
This ' ' high mountain " extended from the head of 
Hanover Street, south-westerly to the water beyond 
the State House. It retained the name of Trea- 
mount until used as a look-out where the colonists 
' ' kept watch to foresee the approach of f orrein 
dangers* " when it was called Sentry Hill. After 
the erection of the Beacon, in 1635, it received 
the name of Beacon Hill. Of these " three little 
rising hills " the first was called Cotton, after- 
wards Pemberton Hill, the central peak Sentry or 
Beacon Hill, the third peak West or Copley's Hill 
and later Mt. Vernon, l)ut for many years the 
name of Beacon Hill has included the three peaks. 

In accordance with a resolve of the General 
Court, dated Feb. 16, 1795, Edward II. Bobbins, 
Speaker of the House of Representatives, Thomas 
Dawes and Charles Bulfinch were appointed agents 
on the part of the Commonwealth, with authority 



THE STATE HOUSE 



History to erect, build and linish a new State House for 

the " accommodation of all the legislative and execu- 
tive branches of government, on a spot of ground in 
Boston, commonly called the Governors pasture, 
containing about two acres, more or less, adjoining 
the late Governor Hancock's garden and belonging 
to his heirs, — provided the Town of Boston would, 
at their expense, purchase and cause the same to 
be conveyed in fee simple to the Commonwealth.'" 
The sum of £8,000 was allowed for the purpose. 
The town purchased the property for £4,000, and 
William Tudor, Charles Jarvis, John C. Jones, Wil- 
liam Eustis, William Little, Thomas Dawes, Joseph 
Russell, Harrison G. Otis and Perez Morton were 
appointed commissioners to convey the " Governor's 
pasture'' to the Commonwealth. The deed was 
dated May 2, 1795. Charles Bulfinch was chosen 
architect. 

The corner-stone — on a truck, decorated with 
ribbons — was drawn to its ])lace by fifteen white 
horses, each Avith a leader, and was laid, with jDublic 
ceremonies, July 4, 1795, by His Excellency Samuel 
Adams, Governor, assisted by M. W. Paul Kevere, 
Grand ]\raster, R. W. William Scollay, Deputy 
Grand Master, and brethren of the Grand Lodge of 
Masons. The structure was 172 feet front, 65 feet 
deep, 155 feet high, including the dome, and cost, 
as per resolves from Feb. 16, 1795, to June 22, 



THE STATE HOUSE 



1799, $140,000. This sum inrhuled the cost of a 
liouse for the Messenger to the General Court, whicli, 
with land, amounted to $5,000, leaving for the State 
House $135,000 (Auditor's report for 1849). 

Thursday', Jan. 11, 1798, tlie General Court 
assembled for the last time in the old State House, 
State Street, where their sessions had been held 
for fifty years, and at 12 o'clock, noon, having 
been joined by His Excellency Increase Sumner, 
(Governor, and the Honorable Council, marched 
to the new building. 

In accordance with a resolve of INIarch 10, 1831, 
lire-proof rooms were added to the building, at a 
cost of about $7,000. A resolve of Feb. 24, 1847, 
appropriated monej^ for the payment of ex])ense 
incurred by placing the ' ' Massachusetts coat-of- 
arms '■" over the Speaker's chair in the House of 
Representatives, agreeable to an order of the House 
passed March 27, 1846. Fountains were erected 
on the lawn in 1849. 

For the better accommodation of the State Li- 
brary and other departments, a resolve was passed. 
May 20, 1852, providing for the appointment of a 
committee of three "to procure plans and estimates 
for a fire-proof building to be erected in the rear 
of the State House." April 27, 1853, it was voted 
that a tire-proof building should be erected on the 
north side, to l^e connected with the main edifice, 



THE STATE HOUSE 



History and the sum of $65,000 ^Yas appropriated for the 

payment of expenses of such erection. The Gov- 
ernor, with the advice of tlie Council, was author- 
ized to appoint three commissioners who shoukl 
superintend the erection of the structure, and 
Charles II. Warren, President of the Senate, John 
T. Heard and Samuel K. Hutchinson were selected, 
a majorit}^ entering upon their duties June 2, 1858. 
The following month Mr. Heard declined the 
appointment and Adam W. Thaxter, Jr., was 
chosen to fill the vacancy. The report of Jan. 26, 
1855, is signed by these three gentlemen, hut the 
next report, submitted Feb. 20, 1855, bears the 
signatures of Joseph R. Richards, S. K. Hutchin- 
son and George M. Thaclier as commissioners. 
Gridley J. F. Bryant was the architect. Apj^ropri- 
ations were made from time to time, until, when 
completed, the addition cost $243,203.86. In 
consequence of alterations, a new corner-stone was 
provided, and the original deposit replaced Aug. 
11, 1855, by M. W. Winslow Lewis, M.D., Grand 
Master, and other officers of the Grand Lodge of 
Massachusetts, in the presence of His Excellency 
Henry J. Gardner, Governor. 

Under a resolve of May 23, 1866, a commission 
consisting of John H. Clifford, Ex-Governor, 
Joseph A. Pond, President of the Senate, and 
James ]\I. Stone, Speaker of the House of Rep- 



THE STATE HOUSE 



resentatives, was appointed to "consider the whole 
subject of remodelling the State House." Their 
report, containing- three plans, drawn by Mr. 
Br3-ant and Alexander R. Esty, was referred to 
the committee on State House of 1867, and it was 
decided, Jvme 1, that the Legislature should have 
additional committee rooms, that certain alterations 
and improvements should be made in the building, 
as w^ell as a general system of repairs, ventilation, 
steam heat and increased cellar accommodations. 
Mr. Pond and Mr. Stone were appointed commis- 
sioners, Washburn & Son were the architects, and 
the final cost w^as $270,256.96. 

New seats were placed in the Senate and House 
of Representatives in 1868. The House chairs 
were sold in 1896, 1897 and 1898, the members 
of 1894 having the first opportunity to purchase; 
the Senate chairs were sold in 1897 and 1898, 
Senators of 1897 having first choice; and the 
chairs in the Council Chamber were sold in 1898 
to Councillors of the preceding year. Passenger 
elevators were added in 1885, and many improve- 
ments of a minor character were made from time 
to time. 

Commonwealth Building, No. 11 Mt. Vernon 
Street, formerly the Way estate, was procured 
under an act approved May 26, 1882, remodelled 
and used by State departments until the winter of 



THE STATE HOUSE 



History 1900, wlien it was razed, togetlier with houses 

Xos. 1-6 Mt. Vernon Street, that the land might 
be included in the i)ark. 

On May 17, 1888, the Governor and Council 
were authorized to acquire the land boimded by 
Derne, Temple, Mt. Vernon and Hancock streets, 
and a parcel of land east of Temple Street, be- 
tween Mt. Vernon and Derne ; also to discontinue 
Temple Street between Mt. Vernon and Derne 
streets. By this act $500,000 were appropriated, 
and May 3, 1889, $130,000 additional were al- 
lowed. An act of June 16, 1892, enabled the 
commissioners to take land bounded by Derne and 
BoAvdoin streets. Beacon Hill Place and the State 
House. June 9, 1893, provision was made for 
taking Beacon Hill Place; June 29, 1894, for tak- 
ing the land bounded by Bowdoin, Beacon, Mt. 
Vernon streets and land then owned by the Com- 
monwealth ; also on June 19, 1901, for procuring 
the estates Nos. 8-14 Mt. Vernon Street. 

May 25, 1888, the Governor and Council were 
allowed $5,000 to prepare a general plan for the 
better accommodation of the State government, 
and March 19, 1889, $2,500 were appropriated to 
further perfect said plan. A bill providing for 
the enlargement of the State House was reported, 
becoming a law June 4, 1889. To meet the ex- 
penses incurred under this act, a loan, not exceeding 



THE STATE HOUSE 



$2,500,000, was authorized, and work was begun 
under the direction of John D. Long, William 
Endicott, Jr., and I)enjamin D. Whiteomb, State 
House Construction Commissioners. Upon the 
death of Mr. Whitcomb, in 1894, Charles Everett 
Clark was appointed a member of the commis- 
sion, and upon the resignation of Mr. Long, Mr. 
Endicott became chairman, with George W. John- 
son as the third member.* The architects were 
Messrs. Brigham & Spofford, but after March, 
1892, Charles Brigham had entire charge. 

The corner-stone of this new building was laid 
Dec. 21, 1889, by Governor Oliver Ames, assisted 
by John D. Long, chairman of the commission, 
and the Grand Lodge of Masons, M. W. Henry 
Endicott, Grand Master, Samuel Wells, Deputy 
Grand Master. Jan. 2, 1895, the House of Rep- 
resentatives convened in the old chamber, and the 
following day moved to their new hall in the 
extension. February 18 the Senate moved to 
rooms Xos. 239, 240 and 241, pending alterations 
in the State House ; April 8 they returned to their 
old quarters ; and Jan. 6, 1897, convened in the 
temporary chamber provided in the upper portion 
of Memorial Hall. Jan. 5, 1898, they met for 
the first time in the new chamber, — the room 



History 



* Mr. Clark died in 1809. 
completed the building. 



Mr. Endicott and Mr. Johnson 



THE STATE HOUSE 



History formerly occupied by the House of Representa- 

tives, — and the old Senate chamber has since 
been known as the Senate reception room. 

The Governor, with the advice and consent of 
the Council, was authorized on March 14, 1895, 
to appoint a commission for the preservation of 
the Bulfinch State House, who should thoroughly 
examine the condition of the building, and report 
the result, with their recommendations, to the 
General Court. Charles A. Cummings, David H. 
Andrews and E. Xoyes Whitcomb, being chosen, 
reported April 13, 1895. June 9, 1896, His Honor 
Roger Wolcott, acting Governor, George P. Law- 
rence. President of the Senate, and George v. L. 
Meyer, Speaker of the House of Representatives, 
were appointed a committee to arrange for plans 
for preserving the Bulfinch State House substan- 
tially in accordance with the report of the above 
commission. The committee selected Arthur G. 
Everett as architect, with Robert D. Andrews as 
his associate and Charles A. Cummings consulting- 
architect. The State House Construction Commis- 
sion had charge of the work, and $375,000 were 
appropriated to meet the expenses. 

By an act approved June 5, 1897, His Excel- 
lency Roger Wolcott, Governor, President George 
P. Lawrence and Speaker John L. Bates were ap- 
pointed a committee to consider and decide upon 



THE STATE HOUSE 



plans for furnishing the Bulfinch part. Mr. Everett 
submitted drawings, specifications and designs, and 
the State House Construction Commission were 
directed to furnish the building in accordance with 
the plans and under the superintendence of said 
architect. 

The expense incurred for constructing and fur- 
nishing the State House extension was $4,078,437.85 ; 
for the ^^reservation and furnishing "of the Bulfinch 
front, $335,468.83. The total amount expended for 
the State House extension, restoration of the Bul- 
finch front, furnishings, land occupied by the exten- 
sion and park, east side, four estates on Mt. Vernon 
Street, west side, together with damages on account 
of limiting the height of buildings, to Jan. 1, 1906, 
when the work was practically completed, was 
$7,064,079.20. There are about six acres in the 
park and the land upon which the State House 
stands. The dimensions of the eapitol follow : — 

ft. in. 
Height of Bulfinch front from base course to pinnacle, 155 

Depth of Bulfinch front, 65 

Width of Bulfinch front 172 

Base course of Bulfinch front above city base, . . 106 

Length of extension, 397 

Width of extension in rear, 173 

Height of extension in rear (sidewalk to apex), . . 107 9 
Widest part of extension, ...... .2126 



THE STATE HOUSE 



The 
Dome 



Shaw 



OBJECTS OF INTEREST 

The Dome 

As the visitor approaches the State House from the 
south, the dome will first attract attention. It is 58 
feet in diameter by 85 feet high, and in early times 
was simply painted. Governor Nathaniel P. Banks, 
in his valedictory address, Jan. 3, 1861, recommended 
that it be gilded, but this was not accomplished 
until 1874. It was regilded in 1888, 1898 and 190G. 
Under the last contract all the old paint and gold 
were removed down to the copper, the dome brought 
to a perfectly smooth surface and repainted prepara- 
tory to the laying of the gold leaf. The dome is 
illuminated at night by 498 electric lights.* It is 
accessible to the jDublic whenever the building is 
open, except during sessions of the Senate. 

Shaw — Hancock — Webster — Mann 
A memorial to Col. Kobert G. Shawf and the 
Fifty-fourth Massachusetts Regiment, by Augustus 
St. Gaudens, which was dedicated May 31, 1897, 
stands on the Common, facing the State House. 
The Fifty-fourth was the first colored regiment 
recruited in Massachusetts. Colonel Shaw was 
killed in the assault upon Fort Wagner, S. C, 
July 18, 1863. The memorial was paid for b}' 
voluntary subscriptions. 



* Installed in September, 1898. 
t4 



t See Appendix. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



INSCRIPTION ON THE FRONT OF THE 
SHAW MONUMENT 

ROBERT GOULD SHAW 

COLONEL OF THE FIFTY FOURTH REGIMENT OF MASSACHUSETTS 

INFANTRY BORN IN BOSTON OCTOBER X MDCCCXXXVII 

KILLED WHILE LEADING THE ASSAULT ON FORT WAGNER 

SOUTH CAROLINA JULY XVIII MDCCCLXIII 

RIGHT IN THE VAN ON THE RED RAMPART'S SLIPPERY SWELL 
WITH HEART THAT BEAT A CHARGE HE FELL 

FOEWARD AS FITS A MAN 
BUT THE HIGH SOUL BURNS ON TO LIGHT MEN'S FEET 
WHERE DEATH FOR NOBLE ENDS MAKES DYING SWEET. 



IS 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Inscrip- 
I tion 



INSCRIPTION ON THE REAR OF THE 
SHAW MONUMENT 

TO THE FIFTY FOURTH OF MASSACHUSETTS 

REGIMENT INFANTRY 

THE WHITE OFFICERS 

TAKING LIFE AND HONOR IN THEIR HANDS CAST IN THEIR LOT 

WITH MEN OF A DESPISED RACE UNPROVED IN WAR AND 

RISKED DEATH AS INCITERS OF SERVILE INSURRECTION 

IF TAKEN PRISONERS BESIDES ENCOUNTERING ALL THE 

COMMON PERILS OF CAMP MARCH AND BATTLE. 

THE BLACK RANK AND FILE 
VOLUNTEERED WHEN DISASTER CLOUDED THE UNION CAUSE 
SERVED WITHOUT PAY FOR EIGHTEEN MONTHS TILL GIVEN 
THAT OF WHITE TROOPS FACED THREATENED ENSLAVE- 
MENT IF CAPTURED WERE BRAVE IN ACTION PATIENT 
UNDER HEAVY AND DANGEROUS LABORS AND CHEERFUL 
AMID HARDSHIPS AND PRIVATIONS. 

TOGETHER 

THEY GAVE TO THE NATION AND THE WORLD UNDYING PROOF 

THAT AMERICANS OF AFRICAN DESCENT POSSESS THE 

PRIDE COURAGE AND DEVOTION OF THE PATRIOT SOLDIER. 

ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY THOUSAND SUCH AMERICANS 

ENLISTED UNDER THE UNION FLAG IN 

MDCCCLXIII MDCCCLXV. 



I KNOW NOT MR. COMMANDER WHERE IN ALL HUMAN HISTORY 
TO ANY GIVEN THOUSAND MEN IN ARMS THERE HAS 

BEEN COMMITTED A WORK AT ONCE SO PROUD SO PRECIOUS 
SO FULL OF HOPE AND GLORY AS THE WORK COMMITTED 
TO YOU. 

GOVERNOR ANDREW. 



16 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Just west of the building, on Beacon Street, is 
a tablet marking the site of the famous John 
Hancock house. * Upon the terraced lawn are 
bronze statues of Daniel Webster, f bj Hiram Powers, 
and of Horace Mann,t by Miss Emma Stebbins. 
The statue of Webster was erected in 1859, by 
the Webster Memorial committee; unveiled Sept. 
17, 1859. This was the second statue executed 
by the sculptor, the first having been lost at sea. 
The statue of Mann was dedicated July 4, 1865 ; 
the funds were contributed by school children and 
teachers of Massachusetts in 1860 ; the pedestal 
was furnished by the State. 

Major General Joseph Hooker 

A bronze equestrian statue of Major General 
Joseph Hooker f stands in the park, near the Bea- 
con Street entrance. It was purchased by the 
Commonwealth under authority of chajjter 43, Re- 
solves of 1896. The man is by Daniel Chester 
French, the horse by Edward C. Potter. 

The pedestal is of granite from Stony Creek, 
Connecticut. Upon the front is the coat-of-arms X 
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, surrounded 
by a wreath of laurel, while directly above ajDpears 
the name " Hooker." 

* The Hancock house was erected in 1737 ; removed in 1863. 
t See Appendix, t The coat-of-arms was modelled by Mr. 
French. 



Hancock 
Webster 
Mann 



Hooker 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Hooker In 1903 the Legislature authorized the governor 

and council to arrange for the dedication of the 
statue. It Avas unveiled at nine o'clock on the 
morning of June 25, 1903, in the presence of a 
large number of guests. General Hooker, ever 
on the alert, is portrayed, sitting on liis charger, 
ready to' start at a moment's notice, and one fully 
realizes liis intense devotion to the cause for which 
he fought so nobl3^ 

The statue was presented to the Commonwealth 
by His Honor Curtis Guild, Jr., Lieutenant Gov- 
ernor ; it was unveiled by Master Joseph Hooker 
Wood, grand-nephew of General Hooker, and was 
accepted by His Excellency John L. Bates, Gov- 
ernor. Later in the day there was a parade, in- 
cluding soldiers and sailors of the Army and Xavy 
of the United States, together with the Massachu- 
setts Volunteer Militia, veterans of the Mexican, 
Civil and Spanish American wars, and many others. 
It was reviewed at the State House by John L. 
Bates, Governor and Commander-in-Chief, with his 
staff. 

The battleshii)s Indiana and Texas, torpedo-boat 
destroyers Chauncey, Dale, Bainbridge, Barry and 
Decatur, with the Hartford, were anchored in the 
harljor in honor of the event. In the evening 
formal exercises were held in Mechanics Hall, 
(Governor Bates presiding. The oration was de- 



18 



THE STATE HOUSE 



livered by Brigadier General Charles P. Mattocks. 
Addresses were also made by Lieutenant General 
Nelson A. Miles, Major General Oliver O. How- 
ard and Major General Thomas L. Rosser. 

Devens — Banks 

Near the east entrance to the jjark there is a 
bronze statue of Major (Jeneral Charles Devens,* 
b}' the sculptor Olin L. Warner. It was ordered 
by the Legislature of 1891. A statue of Major 
General Nathaniel Prentiss Banks* was authorized 
by chapter 79, Resolves of 1897, and Henry IL Kit- 
son was commissioned to model it. The site chosen 
is north of the Beacon monument, and the statue 
will face that of (General Devens. 

The Beacon 

The Beacon was erected under an order of the 
General Court of the Colony, March 4, 1634-35, 
— "It is ordered, that there shalbe forth with a 
l)eacon sett on the centry hill at Boston, to give 
notice to the country of any danger, & that there 
shalbe a ward of one pson kept there from the 
first of April to the last of Septr., & that upon 
the disco v'y of any danger, the beacon shalbe 
tired, an* allarum given, as also messengers pres- 
ently sent by that towne where the danger is dis- 
cov'ed, to all other townes within their jurisdiccon." 



See Appendix. 



/9 



THE STATE HOUSE 



The 
Beacon 



A space on the top of the hill, six rods square, was 
reserved by the town for the monument, Avith " j^as- 
sage from the Common thereto/' The Beacon 
was a tall pole or mast, and projecting from one 
side was an iron crane su^Dporting an iron pot. 
The mast was placed on cross-timbers with a stone 
foundation, was supported by braces and provided 
with cross-sticks serving the purpose of a ladder 
for ascending to the crane. Governor Bernard 
said the Beacon was rebuilt " without his consent"' 
in 1768. It remained until removed by General 
Gage in 1775, when a " small square fort" was 
built on the hill. Soon after the evacuation of 
Boston, March 17, 1776, the town erected another 
pole, nearly in the centre of the British fort ; this 
was blown down in a storm, Thursday, Nov. 26, 
1789. 

A monument, from the design of Charles Bul- 
finch, was erected in 1790 by a number of the in- 
habitants to "commemorate that train of events 
which led to the American Revolution and finally 
secured Liberty and Independence to the United 
States." This was a plain Doric column, about 
60 feet high, built of brick, covered with stucco, 
with foundation and mouldings of stone. The fol- 
lowing spring it was surmounted by a "large 
eagle of wood, gilt, supporting the American arms." 
The column was enclosed " by a fence of rails, in 



THE STATE HOUSE 



front of which were benches for the accommoda- 
tion of those who ascend the hill." A wooden 
effigy of the eagle is now over the President's 
chair in the Senate chamber. 

Aug. 10, 1811, the town of Boston sold to Sam- 
uel Spear and John Hancock the land on which 
the monument stood, being 6 rods square origin- 
ally reserved in 1634-35. The hill was dug away 
and the column taken down and destroyed, but 
the four slate tablets in its base were preserved 
in the State House, and are now in the stone 
reproduction which was erected by the Bunker 
Hill Monument Association in 1898. The new 
monument was formally presented to the Common- 
wealth June 17, 1899. Its dimensions are exactly 
the same as those of the original, and the eagle 
is an exact copy of the original drawings for the 
wooden eagle uf)on the Bulfinch monument.* 

The inscription upon the bronze tablet in the base 
was prepared by Charles" W. Eliot, President of 
Harvard College. 

IN 1634 THE GENERAI. COURT CAUSED 

A BEACON 

TO BE PLACED ON THE TOP OF THIS HILL, 

IN 1790 A BRICK AND STONE MONUMENT 

DESIGNED BY CHARLES BULFINCH 

REPLACED THE BEACON 

BUT WAS REMOVED IN 1811 

WHEN THE HILL WAS CUT DOWN 

IT IS NOW REPRODUCED IN STONE 

BY THE BUNKER HILL MONUMENT ASSOCIATION 



Report of Bunker Hill Monument Association, 1899. 

at 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Inscrip- 
tions 



TABLET UPON THE EAST SIDE 

TO COMMEMORATE 

THAT TRAIN OF EVENTS 

WHICH LED 

TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 

AND FINALLY SECURED 

LIBERTY AND INDEPENDENCE 

TO THE UNITED STATES 

THIS COLUMN IS ERECTED 

BY THE VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION 

OF THE CITIZENS 

OF BOSTON 
M D C C X C. 



TABLET UPON THE SOUTH SIDE 



STAMP ACT PASSED 1765. REPEALED 1766. 

BOARD OF CUSTOMS ESTABLISHED 1767. 

BRITISH TROOPS FIRED ON THE INHABITANTS OF BOSTON 

MARCH 5. 1770. 

TEA ACT PASSED 1773. 

TEA DESTROYED IN BOSTON DECEM : 16. 

PORT OF BOSTON SHUT AND GUARDED JUNE 1. 1774. 

GENERAL CONGRESS AT PHILADELPHIA SEPT: 4. 

PROVINCIAL CONGRESS AT CONCORD OCT: 11. 

BATTLE OF LEXINGTON APRIL 19. 177o. 

BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL JUNE 17. 

WASHINGTON TOOK COMMAND OF THE ARMY JULY 2. 

BOSTON EVACUATED MARCH 17: 1776. 

INDEPENDANCE DECLARED BY CONGRESS JULY 4. 1776. 

HANCOCK PRESIDENT. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Inscrip- 
tions 



TABLET- UPON THE WEST SIDE 

AMERICANS 

WHILE FROM THIS EMINENCE 

SCENES OF LUXURIANT FERTILITY 

OF FLOURISHING COMMERCE 

& THE ABODES OF SOCIAL HAPPINESS 

MEET YOUR VIEW 

FORGET NOT THOSE 

WHO BY THEIR EXERTIONS 

HAVE SECURED TO YOU 

THESE BLESSINGS. 



TABLET UPON THE NORTH SIDE 

CAPTURE OF HESSIANS AT TRENTON DEC : 23. 1776. 

CAPTURE OF HESSIANS AT BENNINGTON. AUG: 16. 1777. 

CAPTURE OF BRITISH ARMY AT SARATOGA OCT: 17. 

ALLIANCE WITH FRANCE FEB: 6. 1778. 

CONFEDERATION OF UNITED STATES FORMED JULY 9. 

CONSTITUTION OF MASSACHUSETTS FORMED 1780. 

BOWDOIN PRESIDENT OF CONVENTION. 

CAPTURE OF BRITISH ARMY AT YORK OCT : 19. 1781. 

PRELIMENARIES OF PEACE NOV : 30. 1782. 

DEFINITIVE TREATY OF PEACE SEPT: 10. 1783. 

FEDERAL CONSTITUTION FORMED SEPT: 17. 1787. 

AND RATIFIED BY THE UNITED STATES 1787. TO. 1790. 

NEW CONGRESS ASSEMBLED AT NEW YORK APRIL. 6. 1789. 

WASHINGTON INAUGURATED PRESIDENT APRIL 30. 

PUBLIC DEBTS FUNDED AUG: 4. 1790. 



as 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Doric Hall — Washington — Andrew — War 
Relics 

Doric Entering the State House from Beacon Street, 

Hall 

the visitor first steps into Doric Hall. Here are 

marble statues of George Washington,* first Presi- 
dent of the United States, by Sir Francis Chantrej 
. (1826), given to the Commonwealth Nov. 26, 1827, 
by the Washington Monument Association, and of 
Governor John A. Andrew,* by Thomas Ball (1870), 
unveiled Feb. 14, 1871, the gift of private citizens 
as a memorial of the affectionate regard in which 
the people of the Commonwealth held her distin- 
guished son. 

Here also are two brass cannon, consecratino- 
the names of Maj. John Buttrick and Capt. Isaac 
Davis, "whose valour and example excited their 
fellow citizens to a successful resistance of a su- 
perior number of British troops," at Concord bridge, 
Aj)ril 19, 1775; two brass cannon captured in the 
war of 1812 (they were cast in 1780 by W. 
Kinman, and the letters " U. E. I. C," imprinted 
on them, probably mean " United East India 
Company'') ; a tablet f in memory of Charles Bul- 
finch, architect; a tablet f "to commemorate the 
preservation and renewal of the Massachusetts 
State House ; " a tablet J to George Luther Stearns, 

* See Appendix, t See page 25. + Placed in position in 1903. 
34 



THE STATE HOUSE 



TABLETS 

IN MEMORY OF 
CHARLES BULFINCH OF BOSTON 

THE FIRST NEW ENGLAND ARCHITECT 

BORN 1768 DIED 1844 

EDUCATED AT HARVARD COLLEGE 

AND BY FOREIGN TRAVEL 

CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF SELECTMEN 

FROM 1797 TO 1818 

A PERIOD OF GREAT IMPROVEMENTS 

FROM 1818 TO 1830 

THE ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL 

AT WASHINGTON 

AMONG HIS IMPORTANT DESIGNS WERE 

THE FIRST THEATRE IN BOSTON 1793 

THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE HOUSE 1795 

THE FIRST CATHOLIC CHURCH IN BOSTON 1803 

FANEUIL HALL ENLARGED 1805 

UNIVERSITY HALL AT HARVARD COLLEGE 1814 

THE MCLEAN ASYLUM AT SOMERVILLE 

1792 AND 1817 AND THE 

MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL 1818 

A GRAVE MODEST JUST AND CHEERFUL MAN 

OF SIMPLE HABITS CLEAR INTELLIGENCE 
HIGH PRINCIPLES AND GENTLE JUDGMENTS 



Tablets 



TO COMMEMORATE 

.THE PRESERVATION AND RENEWAL 

OF THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE HOUSE 

DESIGNED BY CHARLES BULFINC H 

BEGUN IN 1795 

AND FINISHED IN 1798 

IN 1896 

AFTER THE COMPLETION OF LARGE ADDITIONS 

A THOROUGH RECONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERIOR 

OF THE ORIGINAL BUILDING 

WAS UNDERTAKEN 

TO PRESERVE FROM DECAY 

AND FROM DESTRUCTION BY FIRE 

A NOBLE PUBLIC AVORK 

THE INTERIORS OF THE COUNCIL CHAMBER 

THE SENATE CHAMBER 

AND THE HALL OF REPRESENTATIVES 

WERE KEPT UNCHANGED 

THE RECONSTRUCTION WAS FINISHED 

IN 1898 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Doric 
Hall 



a merchant of Boston, "commemorating the part 
taken by him in securing the enlistment of colored 
troops and the other valuable services rendered by 
him to the United States and to this Commonwealth 
in the war of the rebellion ; '' two memorial tablets 
of the Washington family, presented to the Com- 
monwealth in 1861 by lion. Charles Sumner. 
The Washington tablets are of bluish gray sand- 
stone, and are exact fac-similes of the originals 
which mark the resting places of Lawrence and 
Robert WAshington, * the last English ancestors of 
George Washington, our first President. The origi- 
nal stones are in the parish church of Brington, 
near Althorp, in Northamptonshire, England. Earl 
Spencer, the proprietor of Althorp, sought out the 
quarry from which, more than two centuries ago, 
those tablets were taken, and caused the fac-similes 
to be made, which he presented to Mr. Sumner. 

The largest tablet is in memory of Lawrence 
Washington. Above the inscription, carved in the 
stone, are the arms of the Washingtons, with the 
arms of the Butlers impaled. The other stone is 
of Robert Washington and his wife Elizabeth. 
The inscription is on a small brass plate, set in 
the stone. On a separate brass plate beneath the 



* Lawrence was father and Robert uncle of John Washing- 
ton, the English emigrant to Virginia, who was great-grand- 
father of George Washington. 



26 



THE STATE HOUSE 



inscription are the arms of the Washingtons without 
any addition but a crescent, the mark of cadency 
that denotes the second son. Tliese have the com- 
bination of stars and stripes, sometimes supposed to 
Iiave suggested our national flag. 

Under authority of a resolve approved April 6, 
1861, the tablets were placed upon the marble 
floor in Doric Hall, within the railing in front of 
the Washington statue, and remained there until 
the reconstruction of the Bulfinch front. The 
statue formerly stood in an alcove a short distance 
north of its present position. 

The architecture of Doric Ilall is described in 
its name and the style remains unchanged, thus 
preserving the time-honored j)roportions as designed 
by Charles Bulflnch. 

The Commonwealth has been fortunate in secur- 
ing the portraits of a large number of her gov- 
ernors. Sixteen are mentioned on pages 28 and 
29, and reference will be made to the others when 
describing the executive department and the old 
Senate chamber. 



Doric 
Hall 









THE STATE HOUSE 




Doric 
Hall 


< 

H 

< 

> 
o 

o 

H 


a 

1 

2S 


1 

a 


From portrait painted in 1847. from life, by 
W. A. Wall, in possession of Marcus Mor- 
ton of Newtonville. Purchased under chap- 
ter 89, Resolves 1899. 

Painted in 1849, from life. Purchased under 
chapter 89, Resolves 1899. 

Copy of painting by Mr. Vinton, in Groton 
Public Library, and from life. Purchased 
under chapter 89, Resolves 1899. 

Painted in 1900, from a daguerreotype taken 
in 1854. Purchased under chapter 89, Re- 
solves 1899. ' 

Painted in 1890, from life. Presented by Mr. 
Gardner in 1893. 

From photographs. Purchased under chapter 
89, Resolves 1899. 

From photograph. Presented by John F. 
Andrew of Boston, in 1895. 

Painted in 1893, from portrait by Frederick P. 
Vinton. Presented by A. G. Bullock and 
Mrs. Elvira Hazard Bullock of Worcester, 
in 1895. 


1 

< 
* 




.2 


> Robert Gordon Hardie, 

Walter M. Brackett, . 
Frederick P. Vinton, . 

William Willard, . 

Jean Paul Selinger, . • . 
Daniel J, Strain, . 
Darius Cobb, .... 
Horace R. Burdick, 




1^1 


1840-41, 
1843-44, 

1844-51, 
1851-53, 

1854-55, 

1855-58, 
1858-61, 
1861-66, 
1866-69, 




* 


Marcus Morton, . 1 

George N. Briggs, . 
George S. Boutwell, 

Emory Washburn, . 

Henry J. Gardner, . 
Nathaniel P. Banks, 
John A. Andrew, 
Alexander H. Bullock, . 















THE STATE HOUSE 



a 
1 

•I 

3 

1 
1 


oj 

a 


From life. Purchased under chapter 89, Re- 
solves 1899. 

From a photograph furnished by the Wash- 
burn family. Purchased under chapter 89, 
Resolves 1899. 

Copy of original painted by Mr. Vinton, now 
in possession of William A. Gaston. Pre- 
sented by Mrs. William Gaston of Boston, 
Dec. 18, 1895. 

From life. Presented by friends. 

From a photograph furnished by Mrs. Adel- 
bert Ames of Lowell. Purchased under 
chapter 89, Resolves 1899. 

From photographs. Purchased under chapter 
89, Resolves 1899. 

Painted in 1900, from photographs furnished 
by Mrs, Oliver Ames of Boston, Presented 
by Mrs. Ames in July, 1900. 

From life. Purchased under chapter 89, Re- 
solves 1899. 


1 

'C 

p< 
< 

1 

a 

ui 
t) 
a 

i 

1 

1 


.2 


J. Harvey Young, 
Frank W, Benson, 

Frederick P. Vinton, . 

Walter Gilman Page, . 

Daniel J. Strain, . 
Charles A. Whipple, . 

Walter Gilman Page, . 




bJ 


1869-72, 
1872-74,t 

1875-76, 

1879-80, 

1883-84, 

1884-87, 
1887-90, 

1890-91, 




* 


William Claflin, 
William B, Washburn, , 

William Gaston, 

Thomas Talbot, 
Benjamin F. Butler, 

George D. Robinson, 
Oliver Ames, 

John Q. A. Brackett, 

10 



Doric 
Hall 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Spanish 
American 
War Flags 



Spanish American War Flags 
The ceiling of the passageway in the rear of 
Doric Ilall contains a skylight with "Liberty" in 
the centre, surrounded by the names of the repub- 
lics of Hellas, Helvetia, Florence, Venice, Genoa, 
Iceland, Holland, Andorra, San Marino and Rome. 
At one side is the seal of " Mattachusets Bay in 
Nova Anglia ; " at the other that of ' ' Plimouth Nov 
Anglia.'' 

The large bronze case contains the flags of the 
volunteer regiments and Xaval Brigade of Massa- 
chusetts in the Spanish American war, returned to 
the custody of the Commonwealth through His 
Excellency Roger Wolcott, Governor, Saturday, 
Oct. 14, 1899. They Avere placed in their present 
position July 31, 1901. The flags* are twenty-one 
in number, as follows : First Regiment Heavy 
Artillery, one United States and one State flag; 
Second, Fifth, Sixth and Ninth Regiments Infantry, 
one United States and one State flag each ; Eighth 
Regiment Infantry, three United States and two 
State flags, and one United States Regimental 
color; Naval Brigade, one flag each from the 
U. S. S. " Prairie, " " Catskill," " Lehigh,'' " Inca '' 
and "Governor Russell." 

* state flap:s, white; V. S. Regimental, blue. All flags are 
silk except the Naval, which are bunting. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Grand Staircase Hall 

Directly to tlie north is the Grand Staircase Hall 
of Pavonazzo marble. As one looks through the 
alcoves toward Memorial Hall the effect is very 
beautiful. The stairs at the right lead to the 
Senate and those opposite to the executive depart- 
ment. 

The balcony, formed by the third floor corridors, 
is surmounted by twelve Ionic columns, which are 
said to be among the finest in the world. The 
windows in the south w^all are emblematic of 
manufactures, commerce, education, fisheries and 
agriculture. Carved in the marble at the head of 
the stairs is the seal of the Colony of Massachu- 
setts, 1628-84, also the present official coat of arms. 

The paintings upon the north wall, entitled 
' ' James Otis making his famous argument against 
the Writs of Assistance * in the old Town House 
in Boston, in February 17G1,'' "The Boston Tea 
Party'' and "Paul llevere's Ride," are by liobert 
Pveid. 



Grand 

Staircase 

Hall 



Historical 
Paintings 
Reid 



* The Writs of Assistance were general search-warrants 
which allowed the king's officers to enter warehouses or 
dwellings to search for and seize foreign merchandise, on 
which a duty had not been paid. These writs were first issued 
in Massachusetts. Their legality was questioned and the 
matter was brought before a court held in the old Town 
House, as described. 



3t 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Historical 

Painting 

Reid 



Writs of Assistance 

Otis is represented at the moment when he was 
saying: "I will to my dying day oppose, with 
all the powers and faculties God has given me, 
all such instruments of slavery on the one hand 
and villainy on the other as this Writ of Assist- 
ance is." The room is flooded with the flickering 
light from the great open fire, while through the 
windows, against which the snow has drifted, 
comes the cold blue light of the late afternoon of 
that winter's day. 

John Adams, in a letter to William Tudor, 
written fifty-six years after the event, gives his 
recollection of the scene in part as follows : "The 
scene is the Council Chamber in the old Town 
House in Boston. The date is in the month of 
February, 1761. That council chamber was as 
respectable an apartment as the House of Com- 
mons or tlie House of Lords in Great Britain, in 
proportion, or that in the State House in Phila- 
delphia, in which the Declaration of Independence 
was signed, in 177G. In this chamber, round a 
great fire, were seated five judges, with Lieutenant 
Governor Hutchinson at their head, as Chief Justice, 
all arrayed in their new, fresh, rich robes of 
scarlet English broadcloth; in their large cambric 
bands and immense judicial wigs. In a corner of 



32 



THE STATE HOUSE 



the room must be placed as a sj^ectator and an 
auditor, wit, sense, imagination, genius, pathos, 
reason, prudence, eloquence, learning and immense 
reading, hanging by the shoulders on two crutches, 
covered with a great cloth coat, in the person of 
Mr. Pratt, who had been solicited on both sides, 
but would engage on neither, being, as Chief 
Justice of Xew York, about to leave Boston 
forever." 

In the same letter, Mr. Adams, characterizing 
the arguments of counsel, says: "But Otis was a 
flame of fire ! With a promptitude of classical 
allusions, a depth of research, a rapid summary 
of historical events and dates, a profusion of legal 
authorities, a jDrophetic glance of his eye into 
futurity, and a torrent of impetuous eloquence, he 
hurried away everything before him. American 
independence was then and there born ; the seeds 
of jDatriots and heroes were then and there sown, 
to defend the vigorous youth, the non sine Diis 
animosus infans. Every man of a crowded 
audience appeared to me to go away, as I did, 
ready to take arms against writs of assistance. 
Then and there was the first scene of the first act 
of opposition to the arbitrary claims of Great 
Britain. Then and there the child Independence 
was born. In fifteen years, namely, in 1776, he 
grew up to manhood, and declared himself free." 



Historical 

Painting 

Reid 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Historical 
Paintings 
Reid 



V 



The Boston Tea Party 
A colonial tax of three pence on a pound of 
tea had been levied by Parliament, which the 
colonists refused to i:>sij. Several vessels were 
anchored in Boston harbor waiting for their cargoes 
to be unloaded. Meeting after meeting had been 
held by the colonists to discuss the condition of 
affairs, until finally, in the early evening of De- 
cember 16, 1773, Samuel Adams, addressmg an 
assembly in the Old South Church, said, — " We can 
do no more to save the country, '■ and almost 
instantly a shout was heard, a war-whoop sounded 
and forty or fifty men, disguised as Indians, 
liurried to Grifiin's wharf, boarded the ships and 
emptied the tea into Boston harbor. Mr. Reid's 
painting represents these "Indians'' on a ship in 
the stream, throwing the tea overboard. In the 
background are warehouses on the Boston shore. 

Paul Revere's Ride 

In 1774 General Gage relieved Thomas Hutch- 
inson as governor of the Province and troops were 
sent here to enforce certain laws which had been 
enacted by Parliament, but the people moved 
steadily on their course and made preparation for 
the struggle which they knew must come. A large 
quantity of stores had been deposited at Concord, 



THE STATE HOUSE 



and in April, 1775, it was rumored that General 
Gage was determined to destroy them. On the 
18th the British troops embarked from Boston. 
The following quotation is from Longfellow's 
23oem : — 

* * * " If the British march 

By land or sea from the town to-night, 
Hang a lantern aloft in the helfry arch 

Of the North Church tower as a signal light,— 
One, if hy land, and two, if by sea ; 

And I on the opposite shore will be. 
Ready to ride and spread the alarm 

Through every Middlesex village and farm. 
For the country-folk to be up and to arm." 

Paul Revere rowed to the Charlestown shore, and 

* * * " watched with eager search 
The belfry tower of the Old North Church * 



Historical 

Painting 

Reid 



And lo! as he looks, on the belfry's height 
A glimmer, and then a gleam of light! 

He springs to the saddle, the bridle he turns. 
But lingers and gazes, till full on his sight 

A second lamp in the belfry burns! " 

Then he started on his famous midnight ride to 
Lexington and Concord. The artist represents him 
dashing through a village street, rousing " the 
country-folk to be up and to arm." 

While Mr. Reid's first painting is notable for 
its fire-light effect, the group on the deck of the 
ship, in "The Boston Tea Party," is illuminated 
bv the lio-ht from a lantern in the hold, and again 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Historical 

Painting 

Reid 



in "Paul Revere's Ride,'' one can see the face of 
Revere, as well as the figures of the 3-eoman and 
his wife, lighted by the rays from an invisil^le 
fire-place. 

This series of paintings is completed by two 
small panels, the one at the left showing a 
medallion of John Hancock, while on the other is 
a portrait of Samuel Adams. Forming the back- 
ground are four flags which were used by the 
Massachusetts colonists before the stars and strij^es 
were adopted. In the left panel is the " Bunker 
Hill" flag (blue, union white, with the cross of 
St. George and pine tree) , and a ' ' Rattle-snake " 
flag (rattle-snake in corner, motto "Don't tread on 
me, " — drawn from a flag now in existence in 
Philadelphia and used at the Battle of Bunker 
Hill) ; in the right panel a white flag with pine 
tree in the corner and motto "An appeal to God," 
also a red flag, blue union, with crosses of St. 
Andrew and St. George. The latter rei^resents the 
flag familiarly known to the colonists as the 
"Union" flag (Union Ensign established in 1707). 
A three-cornered hat, battle axe, j^^^^^^ leaves, 
etc., are also visible. 



Note. The painting of James Otis arguing against the 
Writs of Assistance was opened for public inspection Janu- 
ary 1, 1902; The Boston Tea Party and Paul Revere's Ride on 
December 5, 1904. 



36 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Brigadier General Thomas Greely Stevenson 

The bronze memorial to Brigadier General Thomas 
(xreely Stevenson,* by Bela L. Pratt, in the Grand 
Staircase Hall, was the gift of the Stevenson Memorial 
Association and other friends. It presents a figure 
of the General in high relief, the orderly and horse 
in very low relief, and might be entitled " The Com- 
mander on the picket line." General Stevenson has 
dismounted, advanced on foot and stands holding his 
field glasses. It was unveiled Dec. 7, 1905, by 
Thomas G. Stevenson, the General's nephew, pre- 
sented by Gen. Francis A. Osborn and accejDted by 
Hon. William M. Olin, Secretary of the Common- 
wealth, after which General Osborn delivered an 

address. 

(Inscription) 

BKIGADIER GENERAL THOMAS GREELY STEVENSON 

BORN AT BOSTON FEBRUARY THIRD 1836 

FIRST COLONEL OF THE 24TH REGIMENT 

MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY 1861 

KILLED IN ACTION COMMANDING THE IST DIVISION 

9th ARMY CORPS 

AT SPOTTSYLVANIA VIRGINIA MAY TENTH 1864 

War Records — Schouler 
In the Adjutant General's Department are the 
records of Massachusetts in the Civil and Spanish- 
American wars ; also a portrait of William Schouler,* 
Adjutant General, 1860-66, by Thos. C. Corner, 
presented by James Schouler Aug. 5, 1899. 
* See Appendix 



Stevenson 



War 
Records 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Memorial 
Hall 



Battle 
Flags 



Memorial Hall — Civil War Flags — Historical 
Paintings 

Xearly in the centre of the building is Memorial 
Ilall. Sixteen pillars of Siena marble support the 
circular gallery. The dome is surrounded by a 
heavy bronze cornice environed by the eagles of 
the Republic, and above them, in cathedral glass, 
is the seal of the Commonwealth, encircled, witiiin 
laurel wreaths, by the seals of the other twelve 
original states. 

AMthin four niches are the battle flag's carried 
by Massachusetts volunteers during the war of the 
rebellion. By General Order No. 94 of the War 
Department, issued May 15, 1865, the volunteer 
regiments and batteries, when mustered out and 
discharged, deposited their colors with Brevet Col. 
Francis N. Clarke, U.S.A., chief mustering officer. 
Forefathers' Day, Dec. 22, 1865, the two hundred 
and forty-fifth anniversary of the landing of the 
Pilgrims at Plymouth, was selected for the return 
of the colors to the State, and Maj. Gen. Darius 
N. Couch was chosen commanding general. His 
headquarters were established on Boston Common, 
and before the procession started, these colors 
were turned over to him by Colonel Clarke. The 
flags of those regiments and companies, which had 
filled their allotted term of service prior to May 15, 



THE STATE HOUSE 



were taken from the State House and delivered to 
the several commands for use during the exercises. 

As the regiments and batteries arrived at the 
State House, the color bearers left the ranks and 
arranged themselves upon the steps, while the 
remainder filed to the grounds at either side. 
Governor Andrew, attended by his staff and invited 
guests, came down the steps to the j^lace designated 
for the closing ceremonies. Prayer was offered 
by Rev. Samuel K. Lothrop, D.D., then General 
Couch delivered the colors to the governor, who 
accepted them in behalf of the j^eople and the 
government, after which they were placed in 
Doric Hall. 

Extract from Gov. Andrew's speech on receiving 
the battle flags : — 

These banners are returned to the government of the Com- 
monwealth through welcome hands. Borne one by one out of 
this capitol during more than four years of civil war, as the 
symbols of the Nation and the Commonwealth under which 
the battalions of Massachusetts departed to the fields, they 
come back again, borne hither by surviving representatives 
of the same heroic regiments and companies to which they 
were intrusted. . . . 

Proud memories of many fields ; sweet memories alike of 
valor and friendship ; sad memories of fraternal strife ; tender 
memories of our fallen brothers and sons, whose dying eyes 
looked last upon their flaming folds ; grand memories of heroic 
virtues sublime by grief; exultant memories of the great and 
final victories of our country, our Union and the righteous 
cause; thankful memories of a deliverance wrought out for 
human nature itself, unexampled by any former achievement 
of arms; immortal memories with immortal honors blended, — 
twine around these splintered staves, weave themselves along 
the warp and woof of these familiar flags, war-worn, begrimed, 
and baptized with blood. 

39 



Battle 
Flags 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Battle 
Flags 



Dec. 22, 1894, six flags were returned to the 
State, Avith public ceremonies. Five of these were 
recaptured flags forwarded by the War Department, 
at the governor's request, in accordance with 
Public Resolution Xo. 44, apjiroved Aug. 27, 1894. 

A few other flags have been received from 
various sources, until now there are 295, divided 
as follows : — 



Infantry flags and shattered staves (4), . . .213 

Heavy Artillery, 15 

Cavalry, 17 

Light Artillery, 43 

Fourth Brigade Cavalry, .1 

McLaughlin's Brigade, 1 

Unknown, 4 

Flag- presented to Massachusetts by State of Mary- 
land, 1 

'205 



The colors were at first draped around the pillars 
in Doric Hall, but on April 12, 1866, were ordered 
placed in the niches on the north side of the hall 
and in the sides of the recess occupied by the 
Washington statue. In 1895 they were stored in 
a fire-proof room, where they remained until jDlaced 
in Memorial Hall, April 2, 1900. 

Mr. Charles O. Eaton of Boston made all the 
colors that were issued by the State to Massachu- 
setts troops in the war of the rebellion, as well as 
the Spanish American war, and had the care of 
them until his death, Oct. 16, 1903. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



The following list gives the number of colors 
in Memorial Hall Jan. 1, 1907, prepared chiefly 
from a record comi^iled by the late Captain John 
G. B. Adams, Sergeant-at-Arms . Flags known to 
have been returned since Dec. 22, 1865, are men- 
tioned in foot notes. All are silk unless other- 
wise sijecified. 

If a story of the battle flags of the civil war 
could be written, it would be of great historic 
value, because so many memories are entwined 
around tliem, but no attempt has been made to 
do so in this guide book, as space would not per- 
mit, and yet, if publishing this list will aid in 
promoting the return of any other flags of Massa- 
chusetts regiments which may be in the possession 
of individuals or associations, it will be sincerely 
gratifying. 



Battle 
Flags 



41 



^ 


THE STATE HOUSE 


Civil War 




Flags 


BA1"1IF. FLAGS 




Infantry. 


United 
States. 


State. 


Miscellaneous. 




1st Regiment, 


3 


2 white. 


_ 




2d 


' 


1 * 


1 1 blue. 


2 shattered staves. 




3d 




1 


1 white. 


_ 




4th 


' 


1 


1 " 


- 




5th 




1 


1 " 


_ 




6th 


' 


4 t 


1 " 


1 U. S. Regimental (blue). 




7th 


' 


1 


1 " X 


- 




8th 


' 


4§ 


1 " 


'- - - 




9th 


' 


3 


2 II 


\ 1 green embroidered.|| 
/ 2 green. 




10th 


' 


in 


1 blue. 


_ 




11th 


' 


1 


3 white. 


1 U. S. Regimental (blue). 




* The U. S. flag was presented by ladies of Boston in June, 1861. 




t Three U. S. flags were received from the Sixth Regiment 




Association, by vote of April 19, 1900, and placed in Memorial Hall 




April 10, 1901. 




X The State flag was returned to the Commonwealth Oct. 30, 1894; 




placed in the custody of the Sergeant-at-Arms Dec. 22, 1894. 


" 


§ Three U. S. flags were received Jan. 12, 1900, from Benjamin 




F. Peach, late colonel Eighth Regiment, M. Y. M.; deposited in 




Memorial Hall Feb. 5, 1900. One was presented to the regiment by 




the sons of Massachusetts residing in New York; one by the lady 




friends of the Seventh Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y.; one by the loyal 




citizens of Baltimore, Maryland. 




II One State flag is white; the other white front, reverse green. 




One green flag was presented to the regiment by the Irish citizens 




of Boston; the other by friends of the regiment. The embroidered 




flag by the officers of the 63d, 69th and 88th N. X. Vols., Irish 




Brigade. 




IT The U. S. flag was presented by ladies of Springfield in July, 1861. 




42 


"v^ 


1 



THE STATE HOUSE 



BAl ILE FLAGS 


Infantry. 


United 
States. 


State. 


Miscellaneous. 


12th Regiment, 

13th 

14th 

loth 

16th 

17th 

18th 

19th 

20th 

21st " 

22d 

23d 


2 

2 t 

3 
2 

5§ 

3 

3 

311 
2 


2 white. 

2 " 
1 " 

1 " 

3 " 

2 " t 

3 " § 
2 " II 
2 " 

1 " 

2 '« ** 


1 State " Webster " (white).* 
1 shattered staff. 

1 shattered staff. 


* The " Webster" flag was presented by ladies of Boston, July 18, 
1861. It was received by vote of the Twelfth Regiment Association 
passed Jan. 20, 1898; placed in Memorial Hall, Feb. 28, 1900. 

t One U. S. flag was returned by the U. S. Government (see page 
40); placed with the other flags Dec. 22, lS94r The other was pre- 
sented by ladies of Worcester, Aug. 7, 1861. 

X One State flag was returned to Governor William L. Douglas 
April 13, 1905, by the Confederate Memorial Literary Society of 
Richmond, Va.; placed in the custody of the Sergeant-at-Arms 
the same dav. 

§ One U. S. flag was returned by the U. S. Government (see page 
40) ; placed with the other flags Dec. 22, 1894. A State flag, captured 
in Virginia in 1864 and rescued by Edward H. Bissell of Charlotte, 
N. C, was received at the State House in March, 1867. It was miss- 
ing for many years, but was found among the effects of Col. Nehe- 
miah Brown, late Assistant Adjutant General. His nephew, Ralph 
G. Brown of Marblehead, presented it to Governor Douglas April 
18, 1905. On one side is the State coat-of-arms; on the reverse a 
pine tree, liberty cap and motto "God speed the right." 

II One State flag was returned to Governor Alexander H. Bullock 
Sent I** lS6fi 

IT One U. S. flag was presented by citizens of Boston, Oct. 8, 1861. 
The following day the regiment received another American flag 
from a committee of ladies in New York. 

** One State flag was returned by the U. S. Government (see 
page 40); placed with the other flags Dec. 22, 1894. 

43 



Civil War 
Flags 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Civil War 
Flags 


BAULE FLAGS 




INFANTRV. 


United 
Sfcites. 


State. 


Miscellaneous. 




24th Regiment, 

25th 

26th 

27th 

28th 

29th 

30th 

31st 

32d 

33d 

34th 

35th 

36th 

37th 

38th 

39th 

40th 

41st 

42d 

43d 


2 * 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3§ 

3 

1 
3 

1 II 
2 

2 IT 
2 

2 
2 
2 
1 
1 
1 


1 blue.t 

2 white. 

1 " 

2 " 
1 " 

1 " 

2 " 

1 " 

2 " 

1 " 

2 white. 
1 " 

1 " 

2 " 
2 " 
1 " 
1 " 
1 " 


1 green. t 

1 

lU. S. Regimental (blue). 

2 U. S. Regimental (blue). 

1 U. S. regimental (blue). 
1 U. S. Regimental (blue). 




* The colors were received bv Governor Alexander H. Bullock 
Jan. 27, 1866. 

t The State flag was presented l)y several ladies of Worcester in 
March, 1864. 

t The green flag was presented l)v tlie city of Boston. 

§ One U. S. flag was presented bv friends jNlay 3, 1864. 

11 The U. S. flag was presented by ladies of Worcester in Novem- 
ber, 18(>4. 

IT One U. S. flag was presented bv friends in Worcester, Sept. 2, 
1862. 

44 



THE STATE HOUSE 



BA1"1LE FLAGS 


INFANTRV. 


United 
States. 


State. 


Miscellaneous. 


44th Regiment, 

45th 

46th 

47th 

48th 

49th 

50th 

51st 

52d 

53d 

54th 

55th 

56th 

57th 

58th 

59th 

60th 

61st 


1 * 

•n 

2 

1 
1 


1 white. 

2 " t 

2 " § 


1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 


* The U. S. flag was presented by ladies of Worcester County, 
Nov. 24, 1862. 

t One State flag was returned to Governor William Gaston, March 
31, 1875. 

X A recaptured U. S. flag was returned to Governor William L. 
Douglas by the Secretarv of War, — joint resolution of Congress, 
approved Feb. 28, 1905, —and received by the Sergeant-at-Arms 
April 28, 1905. 

§ One IT. S. and one State flag were returned bv the U. S. Govern- 
ment (see page 40) ; placed with the other flags Dec. 22, 1894. 

4S 



Civil War 
Flags 



/'^ 


THE STATE HOUSE 




Civil War 






Flags 


BATTLE GUIDONS 






Light Artillery. 


United 

States. 


State. 




1st Battery, 






- 


1 red and white. 






2d 










- 


1 red and white. 






3d 










1 


- 


- 




4th ' 










2 


- 


- 




5th ' 










2 


- 


- 




6th ' 










2 


2 red and white. 






7th ' 










2 


1 red and white. 






8th ' 










1 


1 red and white. 






9th ' 










3 


1 red and white. 






10th ' 










3 


( 1 red and white. 
\ 1 red. 






11th ' 










3 


3 red and white. 






12th • 










1 


1 red and white. 






13th ' 










1 


1 red and white. 






14th ' 










2 


1 red and white. 






15th ' 










1 


1 red and white. 






16th ' 










2 


1 red and white. 






46 


^-^ 




1 



THE STATE HOUSE 



BAllLE FLAGS 


Heavy Abtillery. 


United 
Stotes. 


State. 


Miscellaneous. 


1st Regiment, 

2d 

3d 

4th 

1st Battalion, 


• 


2 

1 
1 
1 


2 yellow. 


2 U. S. guidons 
(bunting). 

2 U. S. guidons. 




BATTI ,F. 


FLAGS 


Cavalry. 


United 

States. 


state. 


Miscellaneous. 


1st Regiment, 

2d 

3d 

4th 

5th 

1st Battalion Fro 
Cavalry, . 


ntier 


1 

1 
2 

5guidonst 


1 blue. 

1 " 
1 " 
1 " 
1 " 


1 staff, with a small 
portion of blue 
flag attached. 

1 U. S. guidon.* 

1 U.S. guidon. 


* A recaptured 

Douglas by the S( 

approved Feb. 28, 

April 4, 1905, 

t One each, Cos. 


U. S. guidon, r 

jcretary of War,- 

1905, — and recei 

A, B, C, D, E. 


eturned to Gov. William L. 
-joint resolution of Congress, . 
ved by the Sergeant-at-Arms 

47 



Civil War 
Flags 



THE STATE HOUSE 



civil War 
Flags 



BATTLE FLAGS 



Fourth Brigade, Cavalry Division, Department of the Gulf, com- 
posed of the 2d Illinois Cavalry, 3d Massachusetts Cavalry, 6th 
Massachusetts Cavalry (31st Massachusetts Infantry mounted), 2d 
New Hampshire Cavalry (8th New Hampshire Infantry mounted), 
Col. N. A. M. Dudley commanding. 1 light-blue flag with cross 
sabres embroidered, prepared by ladies of Massachusetts residing 
in New Orleans, La., and presented Feb. 6, 1864. After the Red 
River campaign, the brigade having been disbanded. Colonel 
Dudley placed the flag in the custody of Massachusetts, the home 
State of the donors and of a majority of the men. 

McLaughlin's Brigade, 1 dark-blue bunting flag. 

One U. S. flag, presented to Massachusetts by the State of Mary- 
land, at Lowell, June 17, 1865, after the dedication of tlie Ladd and 
Whitney monument. It was made by a number of Maryland ladies 
and has thirty-five stars embroidered in the Union. 



UNKNOWN COLORS 



No. 1. A U.S. guidon. 

No. 2. A fragment of a U. S. guidon, with letters "Co. B" and 
two embroidered stars. Nos. 1 and 2 are attached to one staff. 

No. 3. A U. S. flag, badly torn; Union nearly all gone; no letter- 
ing and the flag is not on original staff. 

No. 4. A state color, but there is not enough left to designate to 
which regiment it belongs. 



c.^^'^J' 



4S 



THE STATE HOUSE 



The north and south panels contam paintings by 
Henry Oliver Walker. 

The Pilgrims on the " Mayflower " * 

A gToup of Pilgrims is seen on the deck of the 
" Ma^^flower," at the end of their long voyage. 
Worn with suffering and fatigue, they are gazing 
at the shore, which is at last in sight. The paint- 
ing aims to represent the spirit of that moment. 
The actual forms of the Pilgrims are not known. 
There is thought to be in existence an authentic 
portrait of only one of them, but types have been 
selected to represent, if j^ossible, their physical 
bearing. The spectator may fancy that he sees in 
this assemblage the shapes of Brewster, Bradford, 
Winslow, Carver, Standish and Alden. 

Over their heads are two angels bearing an open 
Bible, and across the painting is the inscription, 
"For the Lord is our defence, and the Holy One 
of Israel is our King." (Psalms 89 : 18.) 

John Eliot preaching to the Indians t 

The scene chosen by the artist is a sjDot on the 
Charles River near Natick. John Eliot is shown 
engaged in his life work of preaching the Gosj^el 
to the Indians. 

* Unveiled for public inspection May 29, 1902. t Exposed 
to view April 8, 1903. 

49 



Historical 
Paintings 
Walker 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Historical 
Paintings 
Simmons 



The paintings in the east and west panels are 
by Edward Simmons. 

Concord Bridge, April 19, 1775* 

The first armed resistance to British aggression. 

When General Gage dispatched eight hundred 
men, under Lieutenant Colonel Smith and Major 
Pitcairn, to Lexington and Concord on the evening 
of April 18, 1775, he thought his plans were un- 
known to the patriots, but Dr. Joseph Warren had 
been watching his movements and Paul Revere 
was well on his way to arouse the inhabitants. 

On the morning of April 19, Pitcairn reached 
Lexington and found about seventy patriots there 
to oppose his advance. He ordered them to dis- 
perse but they refused and the first blood of the 
Revolution was shed. The British troops kej^t on 
to Concord and three companies were detailed to 
guard the North Bridge. Two companies of 
patriots, under command of Major John Buttrick, 
volunteered to dislodge the guard. As they drew 
near the bridge the British fired and a general 
action ensued, when the British retreated in con- 
fusion. Mr. Simmons represents the patriots 
rushing down the road to dislodge the enemy, 
while the red-coats can be seen in the distance. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



The Return of the Colors to the Custody of the 
Commonwealth, Dec. 22, 1865* 

This represents the scene described on page 39. 

Major General William Francis Bartlett 

In the north-east niche is a bronze statue of 
Major General William Francis Bartlett, f — the hero 
of Port Hudson, — by Daniel Chester French. 
Chapter 55, Resolves of 1901, provided that this 
statue should be erected on the State House grounds, 
but on April 29, 1903, the governor and council 
voted that it should be placed in Memorial Hall, 
as authorized by chapter 4 of the Resolves of 1903. 

The statue was dedicated May 27, 1904, the 
anniversary of the assault on the Confederate works 
at Port Hudson, Louisiana. After the presentation 
address by Lieutenant Governor Curtis Guild, Jr., 
Master James Dwight Francis, grandson of General 
Bartlett, unveiled the statue and it was accepted by 
Governor John L. Bates in the presence of Mrs. 
Bartlett and family, a large company of civil war 
veterans of the 20th, 49th and 57th regiments, 
state officials and other invited guests. After the 
ceremonies in Memorial Hall, the more formal 
exercises were held in the House of Representatives, 



Historical 

Painting 

Simmons 



Bartlett 



* Unveiled for public inspection May 29, 1902. t See Ap- 
pendix. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Bartlett 



Busts 



Governor Bates presiding, and the oration was 
delivered by Brigadier General Morris Schaff. 

(Inscription) 

WILLIAM FRANCIS BARTLETT 

A VOLUNTEER IN THE CIVIL WAR 

A MAJOR GENERAL AT THE AGE OF TWENTY-FOUR 

FOREMOST TO PLEAD FOR RECONCILIATION 

BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH 

BORN 1840. DIED 1876. 

The statue is of heroic size. It represents 
General Bartlett saluting the colors, — wearing the 
old time army coat, Avith long-skirted dress coat 
and high boots, with the sword and belt of the 
mounted officer, one hand grasping the hilt of his 
sword, while in the other is the once familiar 
army hat. In the niche at the right are the colors 
of the 20th regiment in which he served as captain, 
while opposite are the colors of the 49th and 57th 
reo-iments, both of which he commanded as colonel. 

The pedestal is made of ' ' Cippolino '' marble 
from Italy. 

Ames — Russell — GreenKalge 

In arched recesses may be seen busts of gov- 
ernors : — 

Oliver Ames, 1887-90. Modelled by Robert 
Kraus in 1890 and presented by Mrs. Ames in 
1900. 

AVilliam E. Russell, 1891-94. Modelled by 
Richard E. Brooks in 1893 and presented by friends 
in 1897. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Frederic T. Greenlialge, 1894-96. Modelled by 
Samuel J. Kitson in 1895 and presented by citizens 
of Lowell, Feb. 28, 1896. 

The total expenditure for Memorial Ilall was 
$309,118.93. The floors of this and the Grand 
Staircase Hall are inlaid with six varieties of 
marble, — white Italian, Pa vonazzo, grand antique, 
Languedoc, Siena and Vert Campan. The fire- 
places in the Senate reading room and ofiice of 
Clerk, House of Representatives, are made of onyx ; 
the one in the office of the President of the 
Senate is black and gold Italian marble ; those in 
the recexDtion, reading and writing rooms, House 
of Representatives, are Siena marble ; those in 
the rooms of the Clerk of the Senate, Speaker of 
the House, Committee on Rules and private room 
of the House Clerk, are Rouge jasper. Several 
other rooms have fire-places of Siena marble and 
there is one of shell marble. The white marble 
in the interior of the building is Italian ; the only 
American marble is that on the exterior, which 
was quarried in Lee, Mass. 



Bust 



Marble 



Main Staircase — Colony and State Seals 

Passing out of Memorial Hall and ascending the 
main staircase, the visitor will notice a stained glass 
window, containing reproductions of the various 
official seals of Massachusetts. 



Seals 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Seals 



Centre, seal of the Colony of Massachusetts, au- 
thorized by its charter of March 4, 1628-29. In 
April, 1629, the governor in England wrote the 
colonists here that he had sent over "the Com- 
panyes scale in silver, by Mr. Samuell Sharpe, a 
passenger." This seal bore the device of an Lidian 
between two pine trees, and was the only one used 
until the abrogation of the first charter, in 1684. 

The next seal was furnished in 1686 by King- 
James II. while Sir Edmund Andros was governor. 
This had two sides, both being represented in the 
window. The armorial part consisted of the royal 
arms, but distinguished therefrom by adding the 
words " Sigillum Novae Angliae in America." 
Below are seals of the Province, granted under 
the second charter, — the first during the reign of 
George I, the second about 1728, under George II. 
On the accession of George IH, his name was 
substituted for the latter. These seals contained 
the royal arms, with a motto pertaining to the 
Province. 

Still lower down is the seal adopted Aug. 5, 1775, 
of an "English American holding a sword in the 
right hand and Magna Charta in the left hand, with 
the words 'Magna Charta' imprinted on it." The 
coat-of-arms, which was used from the adoption 
of the State constitution in 1780 until June 14, 1898, 
is also reproduced. It is erroneously termed the 



THE STATE HOUSE 



great seal. At the left of the Magna Charta seal 
is the personal seal of Governor Francis Bernard, 
1760-69, and at the right that of Governor Thomas 
Hutchinson, 1769-74 (acting governor the first two 
years) . 

Under the second charter all commissions to 
officers in the military service were issued under 
a privy seal, bearing the personal coat-of-arms 
of the governor. The seals were usually circular. 
Several of these arms (the armorial j^oi^tion) are 
shown, and in addition to the dates, which appear 
in the window, the names of the respective gover- 
nors are given. 

In the left section are the arms of the follow- 
ing : — 

Sir William Phipps, 1691-94 

William Stoughton (lieutenant governor, acting 

governor), 1694-99 

Richard Coote, Earl of Bellomont, . . . 1699-1701 

Joseph Dudley, 1702-15 

Samuel Shute, 1716-22 

In the right section : — 

William Dummer (lieutenant governor, acting 

governor), 1723-28 

William Burnet, 1728-29 

Jonathan Belcher, 1730-41 

William Shirley 1741-57 

Thomas Pownall, 1757-60 

The seals of Governors Bernard and Hutchinson 
have already been mentioned. 

55 



Seals 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Executive 
Depart- 
ment 



Council 
Chamber 



Flags 



Executive Department — Council Chamber 

The executive department occupies the west wing, 
third floor. All the governors elected under the 
constitution of Massachusetts, except three, have 
performed the duties of their office in these rooms, 
the administrations of John Hancock, James Bow- 
doin and Samuel Adams having ended before the 
completion of the Bulfinch State House.* 

The Council Chamber is of the Corinthian order. 
The north wall is ornamented by the caduceus and 
cap of liberty, representing ]3eace and freedom ; the 
east wall by a golden star, representing Massachu- 
setts, — one of the thirteen original States ; the 
south wall by the scale and sword of justice, em- 
blems of executive power; the west wall by the 
coat-of-arms. Wreaths of oak and laurel complete 
the decorations. The walls and ornamentations of 
this room were placed there by Bulfinch. 

Aside from the colors of the Civil and Spanish 
American wars ten flags represent distinct periods in 
the history of Massachusetts and the United States. 

The " first flag of New England," under w^hich 
our ancestors lived and fought in the earlier colonial 
and provincial periods, is reproduced, having been 
presented by the Massachusetts Society of Colonial 

* During the alterations of 1896 and 1897 the governor and 
council occupied rooms Nos. 240-242 in the extension. 



56 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Wars, March 19, 1906. It is a white flag Avith the 
red cross of St. George and in the corner a pine 
tree, always a peculiar emblem of New England. 

On Evacuation Day, March 17, 1906, Boston Chap- 
ter, Sons of the American Revolution, presented a 
copy of the flag carried at the siege of Boston and 
hoisted by Gen. Israel Putnam on Prospect Hill, 
Somerville, Jan. 1, 1776, as the first flag of the 
United Colonies. It bears the red cross of St. 
George and white saltire of St. Andrew on a blue 
union. General Putnam retained the crosses of the 
Eno-lish ensign, but substituted for the plain red 
field a field of red and white stripes, one for each 
of the thirteen colonies. Only the crosses of Eng- 
land and Scotland appear on it, for the red saltire 
of St. Patrick, now on the union jack, was not 
added until after the imion with Ireland in 1801. 

The " Bunker Hill " flag is also reproduced. This 
flag of the colonists has a blue field with the ' ' first 
flag of New England " as a canton. It was a gift of 
the Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the Revo- 
lution, June 17, 1906. 

A replica of the ' ' Pine Tree " flag was presented 
March 9, 1907, by Mrs. Ida Louise Gibbs of Waltham 
as a memorial to her father, husband and son. It is 
a white flag with the pine tree in the centre, and 
above is the motto " An Appeal To Heaven." This 
was the naval flas; of Massachusetts and the first flag 



Flags 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Flags 



to fly over an American fleet — a fleet of schooners 
commissioned by General Washington at the siege 
of Boston. It was the first naval flag of the United 
Colonies. 

The " Betsy Ross " flag, a flag of 1781, an ensign 
of the American frigate "Peacock,'' a Mexican War 
flag and Gen. U. S. Grant's garrison flag are de- 
scribed on pages 69, 70 and 71. 

The colors of the commander-in-chief are displayed 
in the Governor's ofiice. The State colors carried 
by the troops are a square flag, but the Governor's 
colors, usually carried behind him by a mounted 
color bearer, are triangular like a cavalry guidon. 
The field is white with yellow fringe and tassels 
and on one side is the coat-of-arms of the Common- 
wealth, embroidered in colors (see j)age 76). The 
original charter of Massachusetts Bay Colony, by 
Charles I, granted the adventurers a seal which, as 
previously described, bore the device of an Indian 
standing between two pine trees. The significance 
of this design was a reminder of the compact be- 
tween the king and the company that the object of 
the settlement, as expressed in the charter, was the 
elevation of the Indian and his conversion to Chris- 
tianity. The Indian still retained on the coat-of- 
arms is, therefore, not a warrior, but a friendly 
Indian. He has no quiver. The bow is in his right 
liand, and in his left hand is one arrow, point down- 



THE STATE HOUSE 



ward, signifying peace. The reverse of the colors 
bears on the same blue shield, not an Indian, but 
the historic pine tree of New England. The liag of 
Massachusetts which waves over the State House 
has, like the colors of the commander-in-chief, the 
arms of the Commonwealth on^one side, and on the 
reverse the pine tree shield. 

A Bible presented by Governor Butler is kept 
here; also a volume of the General Statutes (1860) 
which has been transmitted by each governor to his 
successor since Governor Banks first transferred it 
to Governor Andrew. Another transmittendum is 
a o;avel and box made from timbers of the frigate 
"Constitution;" still another is a gavel block of 
an Indian whetstone, and arrowheads, dug up on 
Cape Cod. The gavel and gavel block were pre- 
sented by Governor Guild. The department is also 
custodian of photographs of former governors and 
councils ; a portrait of Charles Bulfinch,* architect ; 
a portrait of Denys de Berdt* (which originally 
hung in the Council Chamber, old State House), 
presented by Richard Cury, June 7, 1780; the coat- 
of-arms of the De Berdt family, given to Governor 
Bates by William E. Merrill ; a State flag, which 
was sent to King's Mountain, N. C, at the request 
of the committee on the centennial celebration of the 
battle, Oct. 7, 1880. 



Flags 



Executive 
Depart- 
ment 



* See Appendix. 



S9 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Executive 
Depart- 
ment 

Portraits 






60 



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Executive 
Depart- 
ment 

Portraits 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Senate 



War 
Relics 



Senate Chamber 

Passing through the east corridor, the visitor 
enters the Senate chamber, with its galleries formed 
by Doric columns, the whole being surrounded by 
Doric entablatures. The four flat arches, united by 
a circular cornice above, form in the angles four 
pendants to the dome. The pendants are adorned 
with emblems of commerce, agriculture, peace and 
war. 

Over the President's chair are the National and 
State flags, the gilded eagle already mentioned, 
holding in its beak a large scroll with the inscrip- 
tion "God save the Commonwealth of Massachu- 
setts," and upon the north wall are the State arms.* 

Suspended from the south wall are two muskets, 

— a King's arm, captured from the British by Capt. 
John Parker on the morning of April 19, 1775, in 
the battle of Lexington, — being the first firearm 
taken from the enemy in the war for independence, 

— and the firearm used by Captain Parker in that 
battle, both bequeathed by Rev. Theodore Parker 
(they were received Jan. 26, 1861, Governor 
Andrew delivering an address before a joint con- 
vention of the Legislature t). 

In the niches are busts of — 



* See page 7, ante. t Senate Journal of Jan. 26, 1861, and 
Boston Journal of Jan. 28, 1861. 



62 



THE STATE HOUSE 











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Busts 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Senate 



Old 

Senate 

Chamber 



In this room the House of Representatives held 
its sessions from Jan. 11, 1798, to Jan. 2, 1895, 
when new quarters Avere provided in the extension. 
Previous to 1867 there was no gallery in the front 
or rear of this hall. A balcony on each side, below 
the gallery, reached by a short flight of stairs from 
the floor, w^as used by members until I860.* The 
members sat in pews mitil the session of 1868, 
when chairs were occupied for the first time. 
These were arranged in straight lines on a level 
floor. The following summer (1868) the floor was 
raised and the seats arranged in circular form. 
During the preservation and renewal of the Bulfinch 
State House, it having been decided that the Sen- 
ate should occui)y this chamber, the floor was 
again made level and the seats arranged in a circle 
for the convenience of the forty senators. The 
Senate held its first session here Jan. 5, 1898. 

Old Senate Chamber 

The old Senate Chamber (now called the Senate 
reception room), where its meetings were held 
from Jan. 11, 1798, to Jmie 10, 1896, f is of Ionic 
design, and occupies the east wing. The State 
arms face the entrance. On the walls hang jjor- 
traits of twenty governors. 

* I have been unable to ascertain when the balconies were 
added, but it must have been previous to 1853, as they appear 
on a plan of the " State House and enlargement," 1853-54, drawn 
by Gridley J. F. Bryant, architect. 

t Barring the interval from Feb. 18-April 8, 1895, as noted 
on page 11. 

64 



THE STATE HOUSE 



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Portraits 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Portraits 







? Historical 
shased under 

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ral Sir Wil- 
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eneral Sum- 




ley, in pos- 
Purchased 

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and a bust 
Purchased 

Presented 
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ter 297, Acts 1900. 
ginal portrait given 
umner of Boston by 

Hall Gage, a son of 
1,1857. Bequeathed 

Accepted April 14, 1 






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a miniature by J 
on of Robert C. W 
T chapter 89, Reso 
al. Painted in 1' 
William H. Sum 
3d April 14, 1862. 
a drawing by Va 
le capitol at Was 
r chapter 89, Reso 
original by Gilber 
hepherd Brooks, 
r C. Brooks in 1892 




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THE STATE HOUSE 







riginal. Painted in 1823. Presented by " The 
Republican Institution," May 16. 1874. 
rom original by Chester Harding. Pur- 
chased under chapter 89, Resolves 1899. 
rom a picture painted from life by Francis 
Alexander. Presented by John Chandler 
Bancroft Davis, New York, George Henry 
Davis, Horace Davis. California, Andrew 
McFarland Davis, Massachusetts, and John 
Davis, Washington, D. C, in 1892. 
rom original by Matthew Wilson, 1855. Pre- 
sented by Mrs. Sarah Parker Clifford of New 


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ased jointly by 
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67 



Portraits 



THE STATE HOUSE 



War 
Relics 



Here is a musket used by Major John Buttrick 
at the North Bridge, Concord, April 19, 1775, — 
presented to the Commonwealth by his great-grand- 
children James G. and Martha M. Buttrick of 
Lowell, April 16, 1902 ; a drum beaten at the battle 
of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775, by Thomas Scott; 
a Hessian hat, sword, gun and drum captured at 
the battle of Bennington, August 16, 1777, — pre- 
sented by Brigadier General John Stark, — and a 
letter of acknowledgment to General Stark by 
Jeremiah Powell, President of the Council, dated 
December 5, 1777 ; a drum captured from the 
British in the same battle, — the gift of Robert L. 
Day of Melrose, January 28, 1904 ; a canteen, war 
of 1812; a key to powder magazine on Caj^tain's 
Island, Cambridge ; a drum * carried and beaten 
by Henry J. White, a drummer in Company I, 
6th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantr}-, on 
their march through Baltimore, April 19, 1861 ; 
a musket carried by Charles A. Taylor, a private 
in Company D of the same regiment, Avho fell on 
the march of that day. This musket, which had 
been fired and the ramrod lost probably in reload- 
ing, was found in an adjacent house and given to 
AVilson Post No. 1, G. A. R., of Baltimore, who 
presented it to the 6th Regiment Association. At 

* Presented to Governor Long, November 17, 1882, by Mr. 
White. 



6S 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Lowell, April 19, 1881, the association presented 
it to the Commonwealth through Governor John 
D. Long. The saddle, bridle and holsters were 
given to Maj. Gen. George C. Strong* by the citizens 
of Troy, N. Y., and were sent to the State House 
Nov. 7, 1905, by his son, Wilson B. Strong of 
Georgetown, D. C. 

The " Betsy Koss^' flag Avas presented March 9, 
1906, by Hannah Goddard Chapter, Daughters of 
the American Revolution, of Brookline, Mass. It 
has thirteen stripes, with a circle of thirteen stars 
in the union, and is a copy of the first flag of the 
United ,States — designed by George Washington, 
approved by Benjamin Franklin and carried into 
execution by Mrs. Ross. On June 1-1, 1777, Con- 
gress resolved -that the flag of the thirteen United 
States be thirteen stripes alternate red and white; 
that the' union be thirteen stars white in a blue field 
representing a new constellation.'' The only change 
from the flag of the United Colonies was the sub- 
stitution of the stars for the crosses. 

The time-worn and weather-beaten bunting flag 
draped above the north columns was made in 1781 
for Jonathan Fowle of Boston. The thirteen stars 
are arranged in horizontal lines. This flag was 
flown at one time over Fort Independence, in Boston 
Harbor, when Mr. Fowle's son, George M. Fowle, 



War 
Relics 



Flags 



* See Appendix. 



69 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Flags then a member of the Boston Rangers, was a part 

of the garrison of that post, (jieorge ^Y. Fowle of 
Jamaica Plain, grandson of Jonathan, presented it 
to the Commonwealth, Feb. 22, 1906. 

The next in point of time is a replica of the flag 
of the American frigate "Peacock," which won a 
victory over the British sloop of war " Epervier," 
off the coast of Florida in 1814. This was presented 
by the Society of the War of 1812, April 28, 1906, 
and is a reproduction of the one of fifteen stars 
and fifteen stripes, adopted Jan. 13, 1794, after the 
admission of Vermont and Kentucky to the Union. 
It has been called " The Star Spangled Banner." 
The familiar song bearing this title was inspired bj- 
the author, Francis Scott Key, witnessing the bom- 
bardment of Fort McHenry, at the entrance to Balti- 
more Harbor, Sept. 1:5, 1814. The American flag- 
is now constructed under an act of April 4, 1818, — 
' ' that from and after the fourth day of July next, 
the flag of the United States be thirteen horizontal 
stripes, alternate red and white ; that tlie union have 
twenty stars, white in a blue field ; that on the ad- 
mission of every new state into the Union, one star 
be added to the union of the flag ; and that such 
addition sliall take effect on the fourth day of July 
next succeeding such admission.'' 

A regimental flag which Lieut. Gen. Winfield 
Scott, T^. S. A., gave to the only Massachusetts 

70 



THE STATE HOUSE 



regiment that fought in the jNIexican War is draped 
over the window. This flag was one of four pre- 
sented to meritorious regiments in the service of the 
United States during that war. It is of green sills, 
embroidered, with the national coat-of-arms in the 
centre, while above are thirty stars representing the 
number of States tiien in the Union, and below are 
the words : " Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry." 

A United States o-arrison flag:, whicli waved from 
the flagstaff at Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's headquarters. 
City Point, Virginia, in the Civil War, comjdetes 
the number. It was given by General Grant to his 
staff oflicer. Col. Amos Webster, in April, 1865, 
after the surrender of the Confederates at Appomat- 
tox Court House, and he in turn j^resented it to 
Roger Woleott, Governor, through John D. Long, 
Secretary of the Xavy, Jan. 26, 1898. 

The "first flag of New England," "Siege of 
Boston,'' "Bunker Hill," "Pine Tree" and State 
flags are described on pages 56-59. 

In the adjoining corridor there are group jDictures 
of senators. The ajjartment directly to the north 
is the Senate reading room. It is finished in white 
mahogany, and the visitor, upon entering, will find 
the oil paintings and photographs that are desig- 
nated upon the following pages. The oflices of the 
President and Clerk of the Senate are just beyond 
this room. 



Flags 



Senate 

Reading 

Room 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Portraits 



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From portrait by Gilbert Stuart. 
Presented by Samuel C. Cobb, 
Feb. 15, 1882. 

Painted in 1833, from life. Pre- 
sented by Gen. Francis H. Ap- 
pleton of Boston, May 2(>, 1882. 

From life. Presented by Mrs. 
Mary Lynch of Digby, Nova 
Scotia, April 23, 188f!. 

Painted in 1853, from an engrav- 
ing. Presented by members 
of the Legislature in 1853. 
(Private subscription.) 

From life. Purchased under 
chapter 91, Resolves 1895. 

From life. Presented to the 
Senate. June 3. 1901, by Wil- 
liam B. H. Dowse. 


a 
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Edgar Parker, 
Chester Harding, 
Charles Osgood, . 
Joseph Ames, 

Louis Matthieu Didier 

Guillaume. 
Wallace Brvant, . 


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President of Senate, 1801-05, 
President of Senate, 1823-2G, 
President of Senate, 1833-35, 
United States Senator, 1851, 

President of Senate, 1851,52, 
Chaplain of Senate, 1880-1904, 


* 

2 


David Cobb, . 
Nathaniel Silsbee, 
Benjamin T. Pickman, 
Robert Rantoul, Jr. , . 

Henry Wilson, 

Rev. Edmund Dowse, . 



THE STATE HOUSE 



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THE STATE HOUSE 



Great 
Seal 



Charters 



Department of the Secretary of the Commonwealth. 

In this department is the great seal ; also the 
offieial representation of the eoat-of-arms, as drawn 
and emblazoned mider the direction of the Secretary, 
AVilliam M. Olin, and adopted by the Legislature, 
June 14, 1898. 

The arms consist of a shield having a blue field 
or surface with an Indian thereon, dressed in a shirt 
and mocassins, holding in his right hand a bow, and 
in his left hand an arrow, point downward, all of 
gold ; and, in the upper corner of the field, above 
his right arm, a silver star with five points. The 
crest is a wreath of blue and gold, whereon, in 
gold, is a right arm, bent at the elbow, clothed and 
ruffled, with the hand grasping a broadsword. The 
motto is the second of two lines written about A. D. 
1659 by Algernon Sydney, the English patriot : — 

. . . Manus haec mimica tyrannis 
Ense petit placiclam sub libertate quietem. 

Here too, safely encased, are the Colony charter 
of Massachusetts Bay, issued by Charles I, 1628; 
the Province charter, by William and Mary, 1692 ; 
explanatory charter, by George II; the original 
manuscript of the constitution of the Commonwealth 
and the amendments, together with an attested coj^y 
of the constitution, which was made in 1894, the 
original having become illegible in parts. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



In the archives division, fourth floor, are all the 
executive and legislative records of Massachusetts. 
Of especial interest are the military records of the 
Xarragansett war, the French and Indian campaigns, 
the muster and pay lolls of the Revolution. There 
is now a complete record-index from 1710 to 1783, 
covering the years of the French and Indian and 
Revolutionary wars. Here are also preserved the 
records of the Governor and Company of Xew 
England, which later became the records of the 
General Court ; the original parchment treaties made 
with the tribes of eastern Indians ; the original 
depositions and examinations of persons accused of 
witchcraft ; manusci'ipt letters and papers of the 
revolutionary period; maps and plans of earlv 
grants of townships and to individuals by the Pro- 
vince and Commonwealth ; the State surveys of 
1794 and 1830. 

State Library — The Bradford History 

The State Library will be found at the extreme 
north. It has a collection of about 140,000 volumes, 
including statutes of nearly all the countries of the 
w^orld, and, with the exception of New York, is 
the largest State reference library in the United 
States. Here is the "History of Plimoth Planta- 
tion," by Governor William Bradford, returned to 
the Commonwealth from the lil)rarv of the Consis- 



Archives 



State 
Library 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Bradford 
History 



torial and Episcopal Court of London, by the Lord 
Bishop of London, through the efforts of George 
F. Hoar, United States Senator, and Thomas F. 
Bayard, Ambassador at the Court of St. James, 
and received in behalf of the Commonwealth by 
His Excellency Roger Wolcott, Governor, May ' 26, 
1897 ; also a portrait of Charles Sumner, United 
States Senator, by Henry Ulke, — presented to the 
Commonwealth in 1884 by James Wormley of 
Washington, D. C. In the skylight forming a por- 
tion of the ceiling of the reading room are the 
memorable dates, 1620, 1775, 1861. 



House ol 
Repre- 
sentatives 



House of Representatives — The Codfish 

Leaving the library and passing into the west 
corridor, the visitor enters the reading and writing 
rooms and post-office connected with the House of 
Representatives. Beyond are the ladies' reception 
room and Representatives' chamber, both finished 
in white mahogany. The entire wall of the House, 
from floor to gallery, is panelled. The gallery is 
surmounted by ten Corinthian columns, and above 
is the beautiful coved ceiling.* The coat-of-arms 
and names of the counties are wrought in the glass ; 
upon the frieze are the names of fifty-three noted 
men: — 



* Frescoes by Frank Hill Smith. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



John Carver and William Bradford, the first two gov- 
ernors of Plymouth Colony. 

John Endecott and John Winthrop, the first two gov- 
ernors of Massachusetts Colony. 

Sir Henry Vane, governor of Massachusetts Colony in 
1636; beheaded in England in 1662 for his devotion to 
liberty. 

Timothy Pickering, adjutant-general and quarter-master- 
general on the staff of General Washington, in the Revolu- 
tionary war; later postmaster-general, secretary of war and 
secretary of state in Washington's cabinet, also senator 
from Massachusetts. 

Henry Knox, major-general in the Revolutionary war and 
secretary of war in Washington's cabinet. 

Benjamin Lincoln, major-general in the Revolutionary 
war. 

John Adams, revolutionary statesman ; first vice-presi- 
dent and second president of the United States- 
Nathan Dane, member of the Continental Congress of 
1785-87, and author of the ordinance of 1787 which pro- 
hibited slavery in the territories west of the Ohio River. 

Josiah Quincy, statesman and president of Harvard 
College. 

John Quincy Adams, statesman and sixth president of 
United States. 

Daniel Webster and Charles Sumner, statesmen and 
senators from Massachusetts. 

Henry Wilson, statesman, senator and vice-president of 
the United States. 

John A. Andrew, governor of Massachusetts during the 
Civil war. 

Rufus Choate, orator and senator from Massachusetts. 

Theophilus Parsons and Lemuel Shaw, chief justices of 
the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. 

Joseph Story, justice of the Supreme Court of the United 
States. 

Edward Everett, statesman, orator, United States senator 
and governor of Massachusetts. 

Wendell Phillips and William Lloyd Garrison, anti- 
slavery orators. 



House of 
Repre- 
sentatives 



THE STATE HOUSE 



House of 
Repre- 
sentatives 



Horace Mann, educator. 

Samuel G. Howe, educator of the blind. 

Charles Allen, member of Congress, and chief justice of 
the Superior Court of Massachusetts. 

Charles Devens, major-general in the Civil war, attorney- 
general of the United States and justice of the Supreme 
Court of Massachusetts. 

William F. Bartlett, major-general in the Civil war. 

Rufus Putnam, brigadier general in the Revolutionary 
war, and founder of the Marietta Colony in Ohio. 

Benjamin Franklin, revolutionary patriot and scientist. 

Nathaniel Bowditch and Benjamin Peirce, mathemati- 
cians. 

Louis Agassiz, naturalist. 

William T. G. Morton, discoverer of the anifisthetic 
property in ether. 

Charles Bulfinch, architect. 

Samuel F. B. Morse, inventor of the electric telegraph. 

Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone. 

George Bancroft, William H. Prescott, J. Lothrop Mot- 
ley and Francis Parkman, historians. 

Ralph Waldo Emerson, poet and prose writer. Nathaniel 
Hawthorne, author. Oliver Wendell Holmes, poet and 
prose writer. William Cullen Bryant and Henry W. 
Longfellow, poets. James Russell Lowell, poet and prose 
writer. John Greenleaf Whittier, poet. 

John Singleton Copley, artist of ante-revolutionary 
period. 

William M. Hunt, artist. 

Jonathan Edwards, William Ellery Channing and Phil- 
lips Brooks, preachers. 



All the foregoing were sons of Massachusetts^ 
either by birth or adoption. 

The National and State colors are gracefully 
draped over the Speaker's chair; at the right is 
the United States shield ; at the left, the State coat- 



THE STATE HOUSE 



of-arms. Opposite the desk, between the two 
central columns, is suspended the historic 



Codfish 

Wednesday, March 17, 1784, Mr. John Rowe 
" moved the House that leave mio;ht be o-iven to 
hang up the representation of a Cod Fish in the 
room where the House sit, as a memorial of the 
importance of the Cod Fishery to the welfare of 
this Commonwealth as had been usual formerly.'" 
Possibly an emblem hung in the old State, or 
Town, House, but as this structure was burned 
Dec. 9, 1747, the codfish doubtless was destroyed. 
The State House, in State Street, was erected in 
1748, and although it is not known when the cod- 
fish was restored, in a bill of 1773, presented by 
Thomas Crafts, Jr., to the Province of Massachu- 
setts Bay, the following item appears, — "To 
painting Codfish ... 15 shillings." 

As moved by Mr. Rowe, the emblem was sus- 
pended in the House, remaining there until trans- 
ferred to the new State House, with the archives, 
in 1798, and suspended in the House of Repre- 
sentatives. March 7, 1895, it was ordered "that 
the Sergeant-at-Arms be and is hereby directed 
to cause the immediate removal of the ancient 
representation of a codfish from its j)resent position 
in the chamber recently vacated by the House, and 

sr 



Codfish 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Codfish 



to cause it to be suspended in a suitable place 
over the Speaker's chair m the new chamber." 
A committee of fifteen, under the escort of John 
G. B. Adams, Sergeant-at-Arms, proceeded to the 
old chamber, when the emblem was lowered, 
wrapped in an American flag, and borne to the 
House of Representatives by four messengers. It 
was painted by Walter M. Bracket^, and April 
29, 1895, was ordered to be hung opposite the 
Speaker's chair. This was accomplished May 6. 

The portrait of Henry H. Childs,* lieutenant 
governor 1843, by Moses Wight, in the clerk's 
office, committee on rules, was presented to the 
Commonwealth by Henry C. Merwin, Aug. 30, 
1901. 

Leading from the west corridor, beyond the 
House, are the offices of the Speaker and Clerk. 
In the private room of the former are photo- 
graphs of the gentlemen who have filled the 
Speaker's chair since 1780, and the list Avill be 
found on pages 83 and 84. 

Note. —The first General Court, which was held under the 
constitution, assembled in Boston, Wednesday, October 25, 1780. 
It held three sessions and was prorogued May 19, 1781. From 
1781 imtil 1832 the political year commenced on the last Wednes- 
day in May. In 1832 the constitution was amended so that tlie 
political year should begin the first Wednesday in January. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Photo- 
graphs 





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THE STATE HOUSE 



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THE STATE HOUSE 



Wolcott and the Men of Massachusetts in the 
Spanish American War 

The memorial to Roger Wolcott, late Governor, 
and the men of Massachusetts who served in the war 
with Spain, — b}^ Daniel Chester French, sculptor, 
and Henry Bacon, architect, — is on the third floor, 
opposite the main staircase. It was dedicated Dec. 
31, 1906, in the presence of Mrs. Wolcott, members 
of her famil}', the staff of the late Governor, veterans 
of the Spanish American War, and many other friends. 
The address of presentation was made by His Honor 
Eben S. Draper, Lieutenant Governor ; then the 
curtains were drawn aside by a detail from Roger 
Wolcott Camp No. 26, L. S. W. V., and after an 
address by Capt. Frederick A. Walker, Commander- 
in-Chief of that organization. His Excellency Curtis 
Guild, Jr., Governor, accepted the memorial in 
behalf of the Commonwealth. It consists of a 
bronze portrait statue of heroic size, the figure of 
the Governor being seated. The chair is a repre- 
sentation of the Governor's chair in the Council 
Chamber. The statue is mounted upon a pedestal 
of Tennessee marble against a Siena marble back- 
ground, and is flanked on either side by Tennessee 
marble pilasters, upon which are sculptured flgures 
representing the soldier and sailor of the Spanish 
American War. 



Wolcott 



SS 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Wolcott 



In General 



(Inscription on the Pedestal) 

KOfiEK WOLCOTT 

BORN JULY 13-1847 DIED DECEMBER "il-lilOO 

GOVERNOR OF MASSACHUSETTS 
1897-1898 AND 1899 

(Inscription on the Frieze) 

ERECTED WITH Ol KERIXGS FROM THOUSANDS OF 

MASSACHUSETTS PEOPLE 

TO EXPRESS THEIR LOVE AND ADMIRATION FOR GOVERNOR 

WOLCOTT 

TO KEEP BEFORE FUTURE GENERATIONS HIS HIGH EXAMPLE 

OF CIVIC VIRTUE 

AND TO COMMEMORATE THE MEN OF MASSACHUSETTS 

WHO SERVED IN THE WAR WITH SPAIN IN 1898 

The corridors l)et\veen the House of Repre- 
sentatives and department of the Secretary of the 
Commonwealth are lighted mainly from a stained- 
glass window. In the arched panels of the ceiling* 
appear the names of John Hancock, Samuel Adams, 
Joseph Warren and James Otis, patriot leaders in 
the Revolution. These panels are also adorned 
with emblems of education, science, commerce, 
agriculture, machinery, peace and war. 

In General 

The first Sergeant-at-Arms was appointed in 
1835. Previous to that time the duties were per- 
formed by a Messenger to the General Court, 
sometimes called . Doorkeeper. In 1644 the House 
of Deputies, for the first time sitting and acting 



* Frescoes by Frank Hill Smith. 



S6 



THE STATE HOUSE 



a23art from the Assistants, appointed a Doorkeeper, 
and from that year to the present the line has not 
been broken, as the followino; list will sliow : — 



1644-51, 

1651-59, 

1659-93, 

1693-1713, 

1713-15, 

1715-26, 

1726-48, 

1748-50, 

1750-86, 

1774-78, 

1774, . 

1786-1835, 

1835-59, 

1859-75, 

1875-86, 

1886-1900, 

1900, . 

1901-1904, 
1904 — 



Samuel Greene, Doorkeeper. 

Edward Micheson, Messenger. 

John Marshall, Messenger. 

James Maxwell, Dooi'keeper and Messenger. 

Samuel Maxwell, Doorkeeper. 

John Flagg, Doorkeeper. 

Richard Hubbard, Doorkeeper. 

Abraham Belknap, Doorkeeper. 

William Baker, Doorkeeper and Messenger. 

(Provincial Congress), Jeremiah Hunt, Door- 
keeper. 

(At Cambridge) (Provincial Congress), " Mr. Dar- 
Ung," Doorkeeper. 

Jacob Kuhn,* Messenger. 

Benjamin Stevens, Sergeant-at-Arms. 

John jNIorissey, Sergeant-at-Arms. 

Oi-eb F. Mitchell, Sergeant-at-Arms. 

(October 19), John G. B. Adams,* Sergeant-at- 
Arms. 

(October 24)-1901 (January 2), Charles G. Davis, 
Acting Sergeant-at-Arms. 

Charles G. Davis, Sergeant-at-Arms. 

David T. Remington,* Sergeant-at-Arms. 



The pay of Samuel Greene was "2s p day, 
with diett & lodginge." Greene and Edward 
Micheson served under the Massachusetts Bay 
Colony, when the Court met in the old First Church 
on Washington Street ; John Marshall served under 
the Province, and was custodian of the first Town 
House (built 1657) ; James Maxwell and Kichard 
Hubbard were messengers respectively Avhen the 
first and second Town Houses were burned (1711 



* See Appendix. 



S7 



In General 



THE STATE HOUSE 



In General 



and 1747) ; Abraliain Belknap became custodian 
of the present "old State House'"* (built 1748); 
William Baker was evidently custodian of the 
building during the siege of Boston; Jacob Kuhn 
served in the State Street building, as well as the 
Bulfinch State House. 

March 2, 1798, the agents were directed to build 
a house for the Messenger. It Avas situated on the 
easterly side of Hancock Street, No. 4G, not far 
below the present Hancock Street entrance of (he 
State House, and Mr. Kuhn lived in it for many 
years. Benjamin Stevens also resided there until 
1848, but the property having been sold the pre- 
vious year to the water commissioners of the city 
of Boston, the Commonwealth purchased the estate 
No. 12 Hancock Street, under a resolve of AjDril 13, 
1847, and this was kept as the residence of the 
Sergeant-at-Arms until ordered sold, April 6, 1859. 

Portraits of the five officers who served from 1786 
to 1900, and the jDresent incumbent, may be found 
in the Sergeant-at-Arms' department. The crayon 
of Benjamin Stevens was given by Charles Edward 
Stevens. The oil paintings of John G. B. Adams, 
Darius Cobb, artist, and of David T. Remington, 
John L. Findlay, artist, were j^resented by the 



* The old State House was built within the walls of its prede- 
cessor, erected in 1713, and on the site of the Town House of 
1657. 



ss 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Sergeant-at- Arms' ai)pointees, May 6, 1901, and 
June 11, 1906, respectively. 

Those who are interested in heating and lighting 
should visit the engine and dynamo rooms. A few 
words only are necessary to show the progress in 
this department. There were fire-places originally 
in the Bulfinch building, wood being used entirely 
for fuel. Later on came stoves and open grates, 
then hot-air furnaces. A hot-water heating appara- 
tus was installed in the Bryant addition, and went 
into operation in January, 1855 ; but it was not 
until the alterations of 1867-68 that the entire 
State House was heated by steam. Doric Hall, the 
House of Representatives, and certain passageways 
were first lighted by gas in 1849 ; the Senate, in 
1851. The House was wired for electricity in 1883 ; 
the Senate, a few years later ; and when the ex- 
tension was built, an electric plant witli 9,500 
incandescent lights was installed. In 1902 a coal 
pocket was built under the jDark. It is 106' long, 
76' wide and 19' 6" higli in the centre. Basing the 
cubic contents of a ton of coal at 32 cubic feet, 
the pocket will contain 4,500 tons. 

The remaining portions of the building are de- 
voted to departments and committee rooms. In 
one of the latter — Senate judiciary, No. 429, — is 
a skylight on which have been painted the names 
of Adams, Pickering, Webster, Cabot, Strong, Bates, 

S9 



In General 



THE STATE HOUSE 



In General 



Davis, Silsbee, Otis, Varnum, Mason, Hoar, Lodge, 
Dawes, Foster, Dexter, Rockwell, Everett, Sumner, 
Wilson, Boutwell, Goodhue, AVashburn, Sedgwick, 
Rantoul, Winthrop, Choate, Dal ton, Mills, Mellen, 
Ashmun, Gore, Lloyd, — United States Senators 
from Massachusetts. The door of this room con- 
tains glass panels with paintings of the " May- 
flower, Plymouth, December XXI, MDCXX" and 
"Arbella, Salem, June XII, MDCXXX." 

A resolve of 1906 authorizes the purchase of a 
portrait bust of George Frisbie Hoar,* late United 
States Senator from Massachusetts. The portraits 
of Ex-Governors W. Murray Crane,* John L. Bates* 
and William L. Douglas* have not been received 
as yet. 




THE STATE HOUSE 



APPENDIX 



JOHN G. B. ADAMS 

Captain Nineteenth Regiment Massachusetts 
Yohmteer Infantiy, Civil war; Messenger to 
Electoral College, 1868 ; insiDector, Boston Cus- 
tom House, 1877-78 ; postmaster at Lynn, 1878 
— Dec. 15, 1884 (resigned) ; deputy super- 
intendent Massachusetts Reformatory, 1885 ; 
sergeant-at-arms Massachusetts Legislature, 
1886-Oet. 19, 1900; commander-in-chief G. A. 
R., 1893-94. 



Appendix 



SAMUEL ADAMS 

Clerk House of Representatives ; Colonial Leg- 
islature, 1765-74; Continental Congress, 1774- 
81; signer Declaration of Independence; as- 
sisted in framing State Constitution, 1780 ; 
president Senate, 1781-86, 1787-88; Council; 
Massachusetts Ratifying Convention, 1788; lieu- 
tenant governor, 1789-94; governor, 1794-97. 

OLIVER AMES 

Senate, 1880 ; lieutenant governor, 1883-87 ; 
governor, 1887-90. 

JOHN A. ANDREW 

House of Representatives, 1858 ; Republican 
National Convention, 1860; "war governor*' 
of Massachusetts, 1861-6&. 



9/ 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Appendix NATHANIEL P. BANKS 

House of Representatives, 1849-52 ; speaker, 
1851, 52; Senate, 1874; president State Consti- 
tutional Convention, 1853; Congress, 1853-57, 
1865-73, 1875-77, 1889-91; speaker National 
House of Representatives, 1855-57 ; governor, 
1858-61; major-general, Civil war; U. S. mar- 
shal, 1879-88 ; presidential elector, 1892. 

WILLIAM FRANCIS BARTLETT 

Captain Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteer In- 
fantry, Civil war, 1861 ; colonel Forty -ninth 
Infantry, 1862 ; colonel Fifty-seventh Infantrj', 
1863 ; brigadier general, 1864 ; brevet major- 
general, 1865. 

JOHN L. BATES 

Boston Common Comicil, 1891, 92; House of 
Representatives, 1894-99; speaker, 1897, 98, 
99 ; lieutenant governor, 1900-03 ; governor, 
1903, 04. 

GEORGE S. BOUTWELL 

House of Representatives, 1842-44, 1847-60; 
bank commissioner, 1849-50; governor, 1851, 
52 ; State Constitutional Convention, 1853 ; Re- 
publican National Convention, 1860 ; secretary 
Board of Education, 1855-61 ; commissioner in- 
ternal revenue, 1862, 63; Congress, 1863-69; 
secretary of treasury, 1869-73; U. S. Senate, 
1873-77 ; codified "^Statutes at large, 1877 ; 
counsel for United States before French and 
American Claims Commission, 1880. 

JAMES BOWDOIN 

General Court, 1753-56, 1769; Council, 1756, 
1769, 1770-74; president Provisional Council, 
1775; presided over State Constitutional Con- 
vention, 1780; governor, 1785-87; Massachu- 
setts RatifviniT Convention, 1788. 



92 



THE STATE HOUSE 



JOHN Q. A. BRACKETT 

Boston Common Council, 1873-76, president, 
1876 ; judge advocate general, First Brigade, 
M. y. M., 1874; House of Representatives, 
1877-81, 1884-86; speaker, 1885, 86; lieu- 
tenant governor, 1887-90; governor, 1890. 



Appendix 



SIMON BRADSTREET 

Assistant judge first court in the Colony, 1630 ; 
agent and secretary of Massachusetts ; gover- 
nor's assistant and commissioner to tlie United 
Colonies, 1650 ; agent for Colonies in England, 
166.2; deputy governor, 1678-79; governor, 
1679-86; 1689-92. 

GEORGE N. BRIGGS 

Registrar of deeds, 1824-31; Congress, 1831- 
43 ; governor, 1844-51 ; State Constitutional 
Convention, 1853 ; justice Court of Common 
Pleas, 1853-59. 

JOHN BROOKS 

Colonel in Revolutionary army; major-general 
Massachusetts Militia; House of Representa- 
tives ; Massachusetts Ratifying Convention, 
1788; Senate; Council; marshal and inspector 
of revenue, 1795; adjutant-general, 1812-15; 
governor, 1816-23. 

CHARLES BULFINCH 

Architect. (See page 25.) 

ALEXANDER H. BULLOCK 

House of Representatives, 1845-48, 1861-65, 
speaker, 1862-65 ; Senate, 1849 ; commissioner 
of insolvency, 1853-56 ; judge of insolvency, 
1856-58 ; mayor of Worcester, 1859 ; governor, 
1866-69. 



9S 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Appendix 



ANSON BURLINGAME 

Senate, 1852 ; member of convention for revis- 
ing State Constitution, 1853 ; Representative in 
Congress, 1855-61; minister to Cliina, 1861-67, 
wlien he framed articles supplementary to the 
treat}^ of 1858, which was China's first formal 
recognition of international law, and was known 
as the Burlingame treaty ; Qoncluded in behalf 
of China, treaties with United States, England, 
Sweden, Prussia, Holland, Denmark. 

WILLIAM BURNET 

Governor of New York and New Jersey, 1720- 
28; governor of Massachusetts, 1728-29; ap- 
pointed governor of New Hampshire, 1730. 

BENJAMIN F. BUTLER 

House of Representatives and State Constitu- 
tional Convention, 1853 ; Senate, 1859 ; Demo- 
cratic National Convention, 1860 ; major-general 
in the Civil war; member of Congress 1867- 
75, 1877-79 ; governor, 1883. 

HENRY H. CHILDS 

House of Representatives, 1816 and 1827 ; State 
Constitutional convention, 1820 ; lieutenant gov- 
ernor, 184:3. 

WILLIAM CLAFLIN 

House of Representatives, 1849-53 ; Senate, 
1860, 61 ; president of Senate, 1861 ; Republican 
National Executive Committee, 1864-72 ; chair- 
man, 1868-72 ; lieutenant governor, 1866-69 ; 
governor, 1869-72; Congress, 1877-81. 

JOHN H. CLIFFORD 

House of Representatives, 1835 ; district attorney, 
1839-49 ; Senate, 1845 ; attorney-general, 1849- 
63, 1854-58 ; governor, 1853 ; president Senate, 
1862. 



94 



THE STATE HOUSE 



DAVID COBB 

rrovincial Congress, 1775 ; officer of continental 
arm}— brevet brigadier general, 1783; judge 
Court of Common Pleas, 1784-96; speaker 
House of Representatives, 1789-9o ; Congress, 
1793-95; Senate, eastern district of Maine; 
president Senate, 1801-05 ; chief justice Han- 
cock County (Maine) Court of Common Pleas, 
1803-09 ; lieutenant governor, 1809-10 ; Board 
of Military Defence, 1812 ; Council, 1808-10, 
1812-18. 

WINTHROP MURRAY CRANE 

Republican National Convention and Xational 
Committee, 1892, 1896, 1904; lieutenant gov- 
ernor, 1897-1900; governor, 1900, 01, 02; 
United States senator, 1904 — . 

JOHN DAVIS 

Congress, 1825-34 ; governor, 1834, 35, 41, 
42;1j. S. Senate, 1835-41, 1845-53. 

DENYS DE BERDT 

A merchant of London engaged in American 
trade ; agent for the colonies of Massachusetts 
and Delaware at the court of Great Britain 
during the passage and repeal of the Stamp Act. 

CHARLES DEVENS 

Senate, 1848, 49 ; U. S. marshal, 1849-53 ; briga- 
dier general and brevet major-general in Civil 
war; U.S. attorney-general, 1877-81; justice 
Supreme Judicial Court, 1873-77, 1881-91 

WILLIAM L. DOUGLAS 

Brockton Common Council, 1882, 83, 91 ; mayor, 
1890; House of Representatives, 1883, 84; 
Democratic National Convention, 1884, 92, 96, 
1904 ; National (gold) Democratic Convention, 
1896 ; Senate, 1886 ; governor, 1905. 



Appendix 



95 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Appendix 



REV. EDMUND DOWSE 

Senate, 1869, 70 ; ehaijlainof Senate, 1880-Janu- 
ary 14, 1904. 

JOSEPH DUDLEY 

Deputy, 1673-75; commissioner to treat with 
Narragansett Indians, 1675 ; assistant, 1676-85 ; 
agent in England, 1682; president of Colony, 
May 25-Dec. 20, 1686 ; Council, 1686 ; appointed 
chief justice Massachusetts Superior Court, 1687 ; 
chief justice of New York, 1690-93; governor, 
1702-15. 

WILLIAM DUMMER 

Lieutenant governor, 1716-30 ; acting governor, 
1722-28, 1729-30; Council, 1738-39. 



JOHN ENDECOTT 

Governor, 1629-30, 1644-45, 1649-50, 1651-54, 
1655-65; Court of Assistants, 1630-34; con- 
ducted expedition against Pequot Indians, 1636 ; 
deputy governor, 1641-44, 1650-51, 1654-55; 
major-general colonial troops, 1645. 

WILLIAM EUSTIS 

Revolutionary army ; with expedition against 
insurgents in Shay's rebellion, 1786-87 ; House 
of Representatives, 1788-94 ; Council, two 
years ; Congress, 1801-05, 1820-23 ; secretary 
of war, 1809-12; U. S. minister to Holland, 
1815-18; governor, 1823-25. 

EDWARD EVERETT 

Congress, 1825-35 ; governor, 1836-40 ; minister 
to England, 1841-45 ; U. S. secretary of state, 
1852-53; U. S. Senate, 1853-54. 



96 



THE STATE HOUSE 



BENJAMIN FRANKLIN 

Chosen clerk of Pennsylvania Assembly in 1736 
and i)ostmaster of riiiladelpliia in 1737 ; post- 
master-general, 1753-54 ; colonial agent of 
Pennsylvania in England, 1757-62, 1764-75 ; 
speaker of assembly ; agent for New Jersey, 
Georgia and Massachusetts in Great Britain ; 
Continental Congress, 1775-76 ; president of 
Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention, 1776; 
one of committee of five to frame Declaration of 
Independence ; envoy from colonies to France, 
1776 ; with Arthur Lee and Silas Deane con- 
cluded treaty with France, signed Feb. 6, 1778 ; 
commissioned February, 1779, first L^ S. minister 
plenipotentiary at the French court ; with John 
Adams and John Jay concluded with England 
the treaty of Paris, Sept. 3, 1783 ; Council of 
Pennsylvania, 1785 ; president of Pennsylvania, 
1786-87 ; Federal Constitutional Convention, 
May, 1787.' 



Appendix 



THOMAS GAGE 

Governor of Montreal, 1760 ; commander-in- 
chief of British forces in North America, 1763- 
72, 1775; governor, 1774; returned to England 
in 1775; general, 1783. 

HENRY J. GARDNER 

Boston Common Council, 1850-54 ; House of 
Representatives, 1851,52; State Constitutional 
Convention, 1853 ; governor, 1855-58. 

WILLIAM GASTON 

City solicitor of Roxbury five vears ; mayor, 
1861-62; mayor of Boston, 1871-72; House of 
Representatives, 1853, 54, 56; Senate, 1868; 
governor, 1875. 



97 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Appendix 



ELBRIDGE GERRY 

Assembly of Massachusetts Bay, 1772, 73; 
Provincial Congress, 1774, 75; Continental 
Congress, 1777-80, 1783-85 ; House of Iiepre- 
sentatives, 1785 ; U. S. Constitutional Conven- 
tion, 1787 ; Congress, 1789-93 ; commissioner 
to France, 1797-98 ; governor, 1810-12 ; vice- 
president U. S., 1813-14. 



CHRISTOPHER GORE 

Massachusetts Ratifying Convention, 1788 ; U. S. 
district attorney, 1789-96 ; commissioner to 
settle American spoliation claims against Eng- 
land, 1796-1804; charge d'affaires, 1803-04;. 
governor, 1809-10; U. S. Senate, 1813-16; 
l^residential elector, 1817. 

FREDERIC T. GREENHALGE 

Lowell Common Council, 1868, 69 ; school 
committee, 1871-73; justice police court, 1874- 
84 ; commissioner of insolvency and mayor, 
1880-81; city solicitor, 1888; House of Repre- 
sentatives, 1885 ; Cono:ress, 1889-91 ; governor, 
1894-March 5, 1896. ^ 



JOHN HANCOCK 

Selectman of Boston ; General Assembly of 
Province, 1766-72 ; Council ; president Pro- 
vincial Congress, 1774, 75; Continental Con- 
gress, 1775-80, and its president, 1775-77 ; 
first signer of Declaration of Independence ; 
major-general Massachusetts militia, 1776 ; 
Speaker, 1779, 80 ; State Constitutional Conven- 
tion, 1780; president Massachusetts Ratifying 
Convention, 1788; first governor of Massachu- 
setts under the State Constitution, 1780-85 ; 
also 1787-93. 



9S 



THE STATE HOUSE 



GEORGE FRISBIE HOAR 

House of Representatives, 1852 ; Senate, 1857 ; 
city solicitor of Worcester, 18G0 ; Congress, 
1869-77; U. S. Senate, 1877-1904; electoral 
commission, 1876 ; presided over State Repub- 
lican Convention, 1871, 77, 82, 85; Republican 
National Convention, 1876, 80, 84, 88, presiding 
over convention of 1880. 



JOSEPH HOOKER 

Captain First U. S. Artillery, 1842; Mexican 
war ; brevet captain, 1846 ; brevet major and 
brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1847 ; brigadier gen- 
eral U. S. Volunteers, 1861, and major-general, 
May 5, 1862 ; brigadier general U. S. Army, 
Sept. 20, 1862 ; commander Army of the Potomac, 
1863; brevet major-general U. S. Army, 1865; 
mustered out as major-general U. S. Volunteers, 
1866 ; retired as major-general U. S. Army, 1868. 

THOMAS HUTCHINSON 

Selectman of Boston, 1737 ; House of Repre- 
sentatives, 1737-38, 1740-49; speaker, 1746- 
48 ; commissioner to adjust boundary between 
Massachusetts and New Hampshire, 1740 ; to 
treat with Indians at Casco Bay, 1749 ; Council, 
1749 ; justice Court of Common Pleas ; commis- 
sioner to Albany Congress, 1754; lieutenant 
governor, 1758-71; acting governor, 1760, 
i 7 69-71; chief justice superior Court of Judi- 
cature, 1761-69; governor, 1771-74. 

JACOB KUHN 

Assistant messenger to the General Court, 1781- 
86; messenger, 1786-1835; elected messenger 
of convention that ratified Federal Constitution, 
Jan. 9, 1788. 



99 



Appendix 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Appendix MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE (MARIE JEAN PAUL 
ROCH IVES GILBERT MOTIER) 

Espoused cause of Americans at outbreak of 
Revolution ; appointed major-general in Conti- 
nental Arm}', July 31, 1777. 

JOHN LEVERETT 

With expedition against Xarragansetts ; deputy 
in General Court, 1651-53, 1663-65; speaker 
portion of the time ; colonial agent in England, 
1655-62; Council, 1665-71; major-general 
colonial militia, 1663-73; deputy governor, 
1671-73; acting governor, 1672; governor, 
1673-79 ; justice Superior Court of Judicature, 
1702-08. 

ABRAHAM LINCOLN 

Appointed postmaster of New Salem, 111., 1833 ; 
House of Kepresentatives, 1834-35 ; elector on 
Whig ticket when Gen. William Henry Harri- 
son was candidate for president; Congress, 
1846, serving one term; sixteenth president 
U. S., 1861-April 15, 1865. 

LEVI LINCOLN 

Senate, 1812-13; House of Representatives, 
1814-18, 1820-23; speaker, 1822-23; Conven- 
tion to revise State Constitution, 1820 ; lieu- 
tenant governor, 1823-24; justice Supreme 
Judicial Court, 1824-25; governor, 1825-34; 
Congress, 1836-41 ; collector port of Boston, 
1841-43 ; Senate, 1844, 45 ; president Senate, 
1845 ; presided over Electoral College, 1848 ; 
also elector, 1823 and 1864. 

JOHN D. LONG 

House of Representatives, 1875-78; speaker, 
1876, 77, 78; lieutenant governor, 1879; gov- 
ernor, 1880-83 ; Congress, 1883-89 ; secretary 
of the navy, 1897-May 1, 1902 (resigned). 



THE STATE HOUSE 



HORACE MANN 

House of Representatives, 1827-33 ; Senate, 
1833-37 ; president Senate, 1836, 37 ; secre- 
tary Board of Education, 1837-48 ; Congress, 
1848-53. 

MARCUS MORTON 

Clerk Senate, 1811-12; Congress, 1817-21; 
Council, 1823 ; lieutenant governor, 1824, 25 
(acting governor) ; Justice Supreme Judicial 
Court, 1825-40; governor, 1840, 43; collector 
portof Boston, 1845-48; State Constitutional Con- 
vention, 1853 ; House of Representatives, 1858. 

BENJAMIN T. PICKMAN 

House of Representatives, 1829-30 ; Senate, 
1831-35 ; president Senate, 1833, 34, 35. 

ROBERT RANTOUL, Jr. 

House of Representatives, 1835-38 ; Board of 
Education, 1837 i U. S. district attorney, 1845- 
49; U. S. Senate, 1851; Congress, 1851-52. 

DAVID T. REMINGTON 

Corporal, Thirty-first Regiment, Massachusetts 
Volunteer Infantry, Civil war ; Senate messen- 
ger, 1890-93; Senate doorkeeper, 1893-1904; 
sergeant - at - arms Massachusetts Legislature, 
1904 — . 

ALEXANDER H. RICE 

President Boston Common Council ; mayor Bos- 
ton, 1855-56 ; Congress, 1859-67 ; Philadelphia 
"Loyalists" Convention, 1868; Republican 
National Convention, 1868: governor, 1876-79. 

GEORGE D. ROBINSON 

House of Representatives, 1874 ; Senate, 1876 ; 
Congress, 1877-84 (resigned) ; governor, 

1884-87. 



tot 



Appendix 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Appendix 



WILLIAM E. RUSSELL 

Cambridge Common Council, 1882; alderman, 
1883, 84; mayor, 1885-88; governor, 1891-94. 

WILLIAM SCHOULER 

House of Kepresentatives, 1844-47, 1849-52 ; 
clerk House of Representatives, 1853 ; State 
Constitutional Convention, 1853; Senate, 18G8; 
adjutant-general, Ohio, 1857 ; adjutant-general, 
Massachusetts, 1860-66. 

ROBERT GOULD SHAW 

Captain Second Regiment and colonel Fifty- 
fourth Regiment, Massachusetts Volmiteer In- 
fantry in the Civil war. The Fifty -fourth was 
the first regiment of colored troops from a free 
State mustered into the United States service. 

NATHANIEL SILSBEE 

Congress, 1817-21 ; House of ReiDresentatives, 
1821 ; president Senate, 1823-26 ; U. S. Senate, 
1826-35 ; presidential elector, 1824 and 1836 ; 
president State Convention at Worcester, 1840 ; 
Presidential Convention, 1840. 

REV. SAMUEL F. SMITH 

Clergyman; autlior of "My Country, 'tis of 
Thee," etc. 



THOMAS GREELY STEVENSON 

Major Fourth Battalion, Massachusetts Volunteer 
Militia, 1861 ; colonel Twenty -fourth Massachu- 
setts Infantry, Civil war ; promoted to brigadier 
general of volunteers, 1862; commanded First 
division. Ninth army corps, 1864; killed at 
Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 1864. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



CALEB STRONG 

General Court during Revolution ; county attor- 
ney, 177G-1800; State Constitutional Convention, 
1780; Senate, 1780-89; Council, 1780; U.S. 
Constitutional Convention, 1787; Massachusetts 
Ratifving Convention, 1788 ; U. S. Senate, 
1789-9G; governor, 1800-07, 1812-lG. 

GEORGE C. STRONG 

(xraduated from West Point in 1857 ; appointed 
lieutenant in the ordnance and assigned to the 
command of AVatervliet Arsenal ; staff officer 
under Generals McDowell, McClellan and Butler ; 
commissioned brigadier general of volunteers, 
Nov. 29, 1862 ; commanded a brigade in the 
operations against Charleston, S. C. ; mortally 
wounded while leading the assault on Fort 
Wagner, July 18, 1863 ; appointed major gen- 
eral of volunteers to rank as such from that 
date ; died in New York Cit}-, July oO, 1863. 

JAMES SULLIVAN 

Provisional Congress, 1775 ; justice, Supreme 
Judicial Court, 1776-82 ; State Constitutional 
Convention, 1780; Continental Congress, 1782; 
Council, 1787 ; judge of probate ; attorney- 
general, 1790-1807 ; House of Representatives ; 
commissioner to fix boundary between United 
States and Canada, 1796; governor, 1807-08. 

CHARLES SUMNER 

U. S. Senate, 1851-March 11, 1874 ; abolitionist ; 
took part in Free Soil Convention at Lowell, 
1852 ; State Constitutional Convention, 1853. 

INCREASE SUMNER 

Convention of 1777 ; State Constitutional Con- 
vention, 1780; House of Representatives, 1776- 
79 ; Senate, 1780-82 ; justice Supreme Judicial 



Appendix 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Appendix 



Court, 1782-97 ; one of Commission on Revision 
of State Laws, 1785; Massachusetts Ratifying 
Convention, 1788; governor, 1797-99. 

THOMAS TALBOT 

House of Representatives, 1851, 52; State Con- 
stitutional Convention, 1853; Council, 1804-69, 
lieutenant governor, 1873, 74 ; acting governor 
from May 1, 1874; iDresidential elector, 1876 
and 1884 ; governor, 1879 

GARDINER TUFTS 

House of Representatives, 1861 ; military agent 
of Massachusetts at Washington, 1862-70; in- 
spector of military hospitals and prisons for 
department of Washington, 1863 ; assistant 
provost marshal, with rank of lieutenant- 
colonel, 1864; treasurer Reformator}^ Prison 
for Women ; superintendent State Primary School 
at Monson ; superintendent Massachusetts Re- 
formatory, 1884-91. 

GEORGE WASHINGTON 

Adjutant Virginia troops, 1751 ; lieutenant- 
colonel, 1754 ; Virginia House of Burgesses and 
Continental Congress, 1774-75 ; commander- 
in-chief continental forces, 1775-83 ; president 
Constitutional Convention, 1787 ; deputy from 
Virginia; first president U. S., 1789-1797; 
lieutenant-general and commander-in-chief of 
army, 1798. 

EMORY WASHBURN 

House of Representatives, 1826-27, 38, 77; 
Senate, 1841, 42 ; aide on staff of Governor Lin- 
coln, 1830-34 ; judge Court of Common Pleas, 
1844-47; Board of Education ; governor, 1854. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



WILLIAM B. WASHBURN 

Senate, ISoO ; House of Representatives, 1854; 
Congress, 1862-72; governor, 1872-May 1, 
1874 (resigned) ; U. S. Senate, 1874-75. 

DANIEL WEBSTER 

State Constitutional Convention and presidential 
elector, 182U ; House of Representatives, 1822 ; 
Congress, from New Hampshire, 1813-17 ; from 
Massachusetts, 1823-27; U. S. Senate, 1827-41, 
1845-50; U. S. secretary of state, 1841-43, 
1850-52. 

HENRY WILSON 

House of Representatives, 1841, 42, 46, 50; 
Senate, 1844, 45; president Senate, 1851, 52; 
State Constitutional Convention, 1853 ; V. S. 
Senate 1855-73 (resigned) ; vice-president 
U. S., 1873-75. 

JOHN WINTHROP 

Deputy governor, 1636-37, 1644-46; governor, 
1630-34, 1637-40, 1642-44, 1646-49. 

ROGER WOLCOTT 

Boston Common Council, 1877-80 ; House of 
Representatives, 1882-85 ; lieutenant governor 
1893-97 (acting governor from March 5, 1896); 
governor, 1897-1900. CSpanish war governor.) 



Appendix 



THE STATE HOUSE 



LIST OF DEPARTMENTS 

(Arranged by Floors) 



Depart- 
ments 



SUB-BASEMENT ^.^^^ 
District Police: ^^^"'• 
Deputj- Chief, Detective and Fire Inspection Dept. , 1 
Inspectors of Public Buildings and Factories ; In- 
spectors of Clothing, 2 

Inspectors of Boilers, 3 

Detectives and Fire Inspectors, .... North. 

State Board of Insanity, Support Department, . . G 

State Forester, 7 

Board of Prison Commissioners : 

Agent for aiding Discliarged Female Prisoners, . 9 

Chief engineer, 11 

Dynamo and engine rooms. 

BASEMENT 

Civil Service Commission : 

Examination room, , . . 15 

Registrar of Labor, 16 

Chief, District Police, 20 

Board of Registration in Pharmacy, . ■ , . . 22 

Board of Prison Commissioners, 24 

Grand Army of the Republic, 

Department of Massachusetts, 27 

State Board of Charitj' : 

Division of State Adult Poor, 30 

Clerk of the Board, 37 

Division of State Minor Wards, .... 43 

State Board of Insanity, 36 



f06 



THE STATE HOUSE 



FIRST FLOOR Room. 

Controller of County Accounts, 101 

Commissioner of Public Records, .... 104 

Inspector General of Small Arms Practice, . . 108 

Nautical Training School Commissioners, . . . 110 
Adjutant General: 

Military Archives, Ill 

Editors of Province Laws, 115 

Barber slioji, 117 

Secretary of the Commonwealtli : 

Shipping department, 118 

INIatron, 121 

Commissioner of State Aid and Pensions, . . . 123 

Bank Commissioner, 124 

State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration, . . 128 

Harbor and Land Commissioners, .... 131 
State Board of Agriculture : 

General office, 136 

Cattle Bureau, 138 

State Board of Health : 

Chief engineer, 140 

General office, 141 

Gas and Electric Light Commissioners, . . . 145 
Committee on : 

"Ways and Means, House of Representatives, . . 147 

Ways and Means, Joint, 147 

Pay Roll, 147 

Sergeant-at-Arms' department : 

General office, 148 

Registration of Legislative Counsel and Agents, . 150 

Civil Service Commissioners, 151 

Information room, 155 

Public telephone, 155 

Commissioners on Fisheries and Game, . . . 158 

Board of Registration in Medicine, .... 159 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Depart- 
ments 



SECOND FLOOR Room. 

Attorney-General, 225 

Committee on : 
Judiciary, House of Representatives, . . . 227 
Judiciary, Joint, 227 

Treasurer and Receiver-General : 

General office, 230 

Standard weights and measures, .... 230 

Auditor of Accounts, 232 

Tax Commissioner and Commissioner of Corpora- 
tions, 235 

Board of Prison Commissioners : 
Agent for Identification of Criminals, . . . 238 

Committee Room, 240 

Committee on : 

Militaiy Affairs, 242 

State House, 242 

Insurance Commissioner, 246 

Committee on : 

Insurance, 249 

Legal Affairs 249 

Bureau of Statistics of Labor, 256 

Surgeon General, 259 

Adjutant Geiieral : 

AVar Records division, 261 

General office, 264 

Doric Hall. 

Spanish American "War flags. 

Grand Staircase Hall. 

Memorial Hall. 

Civil War flags. 

Main staircase. 



THIRD FLOOR 
Senate : 

Chamber, South. 

Reception room, Southeast. 

Readmg room, East. 

Clerk, .328 



t08 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Sens^te— Continued. ^^*^°'- 

President, 329 

Committee on Rules, ... In President's Room. 

Secretarj^ of the Commonwealth : 

General office, 331 

Public documents, 333 

Corporation division, ...... 334 

State Library, North. 

Committee on Libraries, In Library. 

State Board of Education 339 

Post office, 341 

House of Representatives : 

Writing room, "West. 

Reading room, West. 

Ladies' recejition room, West. 

Chamber, . . . West. 

Speaker, ... 354 

Committee on Rules, 355 

Clerk of the committee on Rules, .... 356 
Clerk of the House, 357 

Executive department : 

General office, 360 

Council Chamber, 

FOURTH FLOOR 

Senate gallery, South. 

Legislative document division, 424 

Committee on : 

Prisons, 425 

Labor, 426 

Roads and Bridges, - . . 426 

Towns, 426 

Federal Relations, 428 

Parishes and Religious Societies, .... 428 

Judiciary, Senate, 429 

Street Railways, 429 

Rules, Jomt, 429 

Ways and Means, Senate, 430 

Harbors and Public Lands, . . . . . 431 

Mercantile Affairs, . ' 431 



Depart- 
ments 



ro9 



THE STATE HOUSE 



Depart- 
ments 



Secretaiy of the Commonwealth : Room. 

Archives, 434 

Committee on : 

Metroi>olitan Affairs, 436 

Public Service, 438 

Liquor Law, 439 

Water Supply, 439 

Election Laws, 440 

Public Lighting, 440 

Public Charitable Listitutions, .... 440 

Education, . 441 

Prmtmg, 442 

Gallery, House of Representatives, .... "West. 

Reporters, 443 

Committee on : 

Cities, 444 

Public Health, 444 

Elections, House of Representatives, . . . 445 

Constitutional Amendments, 

Railroads, 446 

Banks and Banking, 448 

Drainage, 448 

Messengers, 449 

Senate reporters' gallery, South. 

Committee on : 

Agriculture, 453 

Taxation, 453 

FIFTH FLOOR 

Cupola, South. 

State Board of Health laboratory : 

Food analysis, ~ . . 501 

"Water analysis, 502 

Committee on: 

Fisheries and Game, 505 

Coimties, 505 

Cafe, North. 



THE STATE HOUSE 



The following departments have offices outside of tlie 
State House : — 

Boston Transit Commission, . . 15 Beacon Street. 

Bureau of Statistics of Labor, Free 

Employment Office, . . .8 Kneeland Street. 

Charles River Basin Commission, . 367 Boylston Street. 

Commission on Industrial Education, Ford Building. 

Massachusetts Commission for the 

Blmd, Ford Building. 

Massachusetts Highway Commis- 
sion, Ford Building. 

Metropolitan Park Commission, . 14 Beacon Street. 

Metropolitan Water and Sewerage 

Board, 1 Ashbm-ton Place. 

Railroad Commissioners, ... 20 Beacon Street. 

The committee rooms are permanently assigned, except 
in cases of large hearmgs. 



Depart- 
ments 



JUL 10 1907 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

lllillillllll 



014 077 072 3 



